NSFGEO-NERC: Investigating pre-, co-, and post-eruption processes at Sierra Negra volcano, Galapagos using geodetic and seismic data

NSFGEO-NERC：利用大地测量和地震数据研究加拉帕戈斯群岛内格拉火山的喷发前、同时和喷发后过程

• 批准号: NE/W007274/1
• 负责人: Andrew Bell
• 金额: $ 30.61万
• 依托单位: University of Edinburgh
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2022 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FW007274%2F1
• 关键词: NSFGEO; NERC; Investigating; pre; co

Sierra Negra volcano, in the Galápagos Islands of Ecuador, is one of the largest basaltic calderas on Earth, measuring 9 km by 7 km. Through investments from the NSF RAPID and NERC Urgency programs, the June 26-August 30, 2018 eruption of Sierra Negra was the first eruption at a Galápagos Islands volcano to be recorded by a local geophysical monitoring network. The resulting data are spectacular. The eruption involved >6.5 m of pre-eruptive inflation, formation of a ~12 km long fissure system on the north flank, ~8.5 m of co-eruptive deflation (one of the largest co-eruptive displacements ever observed without collapse on caldera-bounding ring faults), and ~1.5 m of net uplift (resurgence) on the intra-caldera trapdoor fault system. Hundreds of thousands of earthquakes accompanied the pre- and co-eruptive phases, including inflationary and deflationary intra-caldera 'trapdoor' faulting events up to Mw5.4. The NSFGEO-NERC collaborative scheme is ideally suited to bring together unique, complementary geodetic and seismic observations and modeling to address specific questions relating to the behavior of Sierra Negra, the nature of Galápagos volcanism, and important outstanding questions about fundamental volcano deformation and interaction between a volcanic edifice and magma plumbing system.

位于厄瓜多尔加拉帕戈斯群岛的Sierra Negra火山是地球上最大的玄武岩火山口之一，长9公里，宽7公里。通过NSF RAPID和NERC紧急计划的投资，2018年6月26日至8月30日的Sierra Negra火山喷发是加拉帕戈斯群岛火山首次喷发，由当地地球物理监测网络记录。由此产生的数据是惊人的。喷发涉及>6.5米的喷发前膨胀，在北侧形成约12公里长的裂缝系统，约8.5米的共喷发收缩（有史以来在火山口边界环断层上没有崩溃的情况下观察到的最大共喷发位移之一），以及约1.5米的净隆起（复活）火山口内活板门断层系统。数十万次地震伴随着前和共同喷发阶段，包括通货膨胀和通货紧缩火山口内的“活板门”断层事件高达Mw5.4。NSFGEO-NERC合作计划非常适合汇集独特的，互补的大地测量和地震观测和建模，以解决与Sierra Negra的行为，加拉帕戈斯火山活动的性质有关的具体问题，以及有关基本火山变形和火山建筑物与岩浆管道系统之间相互作用的重要突出问题。

项目成果

Magmatic connectivity among six Galápagos volcanoes revealed by satellite geodesy.

卫星大地卫星揭示的六座加拉帕戈斯火山之间的岩浆连通性。

• DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-42157-x
• 发表时间: 2023-10-19
• 期刊: NATURE COMMUNICATIONS
• 影响因子: 16.6
• 作者: Reddin, Eoin;Ebmeier, Susanna K.;Rivalta, Eleonora;Bagnardi, Marco;Baker, Scott;Bell, Andrew F.;Mothes, Patricia;Aguaiza, Santiago
• 通讯作者: Aguaiza, Santiago