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Sandpit: Mobile Energy Harvesting Systems

沙坑：移动能量收集系统

基本信息

批准号：
EP/H020764/1
负责人：
Andrew Bell
金额：
$ 111.87万
依托单位：
University of Leeds
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2009 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=EP%2FH020764%2F1
关键词：
Sandpit Mobile Energy Harvesting Systems

项目摘要

This is a collaborative proposal from 7 universities aimed at progressing the technology of kinetic energy harvesting in order to reduce the battery burden on dismounted soldiers. Dismounted soldiers in the British army carry a variety of electrical and electronic systems including torches, personal radios, the Bowman communications system and electronic counter measures. These devices are powered by both primary and secondary cells, from the ubiquitous AA cell to large Li-ion batteries. For an average foot patrol lasting 6 hours the weight of batteries carried by an individual can be up to 10 kg. This may be part of a total burden of up to 75 kg, much of which is irreducible (i.e. water, ammunition, etc). Such large burdens severely limit the mobility of the soldier and can lead to long term health problems. Hence it is imperative that weight be saved in the non-irreducible parts of the burden such as the batteries. Due to the expected improvements in battery energy density and the power consumption of mobile systems, it is envisaged that not only can the battery burden be reduced significantly, but that a considerable fraction of the total power demand of the dismounted soldier can be harvested from ambient energy sources such as thermal, solar or kinetic. This proposal addresses the issue of the harvesting of kinetic energy from the mobile soldier in order to provide charging currents for the secondary cells powering his/her electronic systems. It is proposed that such harvesting systems, in the context of advances in low power electronics, could help eliminate or reduce the replacement battery burden of the soldier.Whilst kinetic energy harvesting systems have previously been shown to under-perform compared to theoretical expectations, the systems developed have rarely been optimised throughout the whole of the system. That is they fail to match all parts of the system - mechanics, transducer and electronics - to each other and, perhaps crucially, to the source of power, in this case the human body. Hence this project aims to succeed by addressing the whole system, harnessing skills in biomechanics, dynamics, transducer design, materials selection and electronics to produce an optimised system. The project will address how energy can best be harvested from three different corporeal sources: footfall, limb articulation and burden acceleration. However, in producing a practical demonstration, it will focus on the use of burden (or proof mass) acceleration to power a personal communications radio. The demonstration will therefore incorporate advances in low power RF design to enable the radio to be powered solely from the stored energy produced from kinetic energy harvesting.Previous attempts at harvesting energy from body motion have often resulted in a negative reaction from users as suboptimal systems impose a noticeable reactive load to the movement, resulting in changes of gait which can increase fatigue. Hence it is an aim of the project to develop a system methodology that will not only reduce the impediment to the wearer but may even be used to reduce the impact of loading on the body. For example, it is proposed that harvesting devices can be used to support and reduce load to the knees. The electrical power extraction from such devices would be managed so that they absorb impact during compression of the knee, but present minimal impedance during extension.The overall aim of the project is design, develop and demonstrate kinetic energy harvesting systems for the dismounted soldier which could in concert provide renewable power of the order of 10 W. Whilst much of the project will be based around a conventional transducer type (piezoelectrics), one workpackage will concentrate on developing a novel form of transduction between kinetic and electrical energy, employing the converse electro-osmosis effect.

这是7所大学的合作提案，旨在推进动能收集技术，以减轻士兵的电池负担。英国陆军的下马士兵携带各种电气和电子系统，包括手电筒，个人无线电，鲍曼通信系统和电子对抗措施。这些设备由原电池和二次电池供电，从无处不在的AA电池到大型锂离子电池。对于平均持续6小时的徒步巡逻，个人携带的电池重量可达10公斤。这可能是高达75公斤的总负担的一部分，其中大部分是无法减少的（即水、弹药等）。这种巨大的负担严重限制了士兵的机动性，并可能导致长期的健康问题。因此，必须在诸如电池等负担的不可减少的部分中节省重量。由于电池能量密度和移动的系统的功率消耗的预期改进，可以设想，不仅可以显著地减少电池负担，而且可以从诸如热、太阳能或动能的环境能源中收集士兵的总功率需求的相当大的一部分。该提议解决了从移动的士兵收集动能的问题，以便为给他/她的电子系统供电的二次电池提供充电电流。有人建议，这样的收获系统，在低功率电子设备的进步的背景下，可以帮助消除或减少更换电池的士兵的负担。虽然动能收集系统以前已被证明表现不佳相比，理论上的期望，开发的系统很少在整个系统进行优化。也就是说，它们无法使系统的所有部分--机械、传感器和电子--相互匹配，而且，也许至关重要的是，它们无法与动力源匹配，在这种情况下，动力源是人体。因此，该项目旨在通过解决整个系统，利用生物力学，动力学，传感器设计，材料选择和电子技术来生产优化系统。该项目将解决如何最好地从三个不同的corpus来源收集能量：脚步，肢体关节和负担加速度。然而，在实际演示中，它将集中在使用负荷（或证明质量）加速度为个人通信无线电供电。因此，演示将结合低功率射频设计的进步，使无线电能够完全由动能收集产生的存储能量供电。以前尝试从身体运动中收集能量通常会导致用户的负面反应，因为次优系统会对运动施加明显的反应负载，导致步态变化，从而增加疲劳。因此，该项目的目标之一是开发一种系统方法，不仅可以减少对佩戴者的阻碍，甚至可以用于减少负载对身体的影响。例如，提出了收获装置可以用于支撑和减少膝盖的负荷。从这些设备中提取的电力将被管理，以便它们在膝盖压缩期间吸收冲击，但在伸展期间呈现最小的阻抗。该项目的总体目标是设计，开发和演示用于步兵的动能收集系统，该系统可以同时提供10 W的可再生电力。虽然该项目的大部分内容将基于传统的换能器类型（压电），但一个工作包将集中于开发一种新的动能和电能之间的转换形式，采用匡威电渗透效应。