EFFECTS OF LEAD ON AUDITORY SYSTEM IN MONKEYS: HEARING

目的：检测老年人的听觉系统功能和注意力。 恒河猴作为儿童铅暴露的模型。外围 而更高阶的听觉过程是使用行为和 电生理技术。结果我们研制出了一种新的 评估先前铅暴露对健康影响的行为测试 请注意，我们将继续在这项任务中测试动物。我们的研究 和其他人的研究已经证明了早期铅暴露对 儿童和动物模型中的听觉过程。我们评估了 这些效应发生在审计系统的多个层面上， 通过行为和电生理技术。特定的 对听觉系统的影响可能有助于更全球化的 与儿童时期铅暴露相关的认知异常。 这些包括智商降低(尤其是言语智商)、注意力缺陷、 言语感知能力受损，语言能力受损 生产任务、阅读障碍和学校问题。更好的 了解听觉系统对不良反应的贡献 早期铅暴露的后果将有助于设计 儿童治疗干预和特殊教育方案 以及已知经历过早期铅暴露的成年人。一个大女人 行为和生理学研究的范围将检查听觉 多个级别的系统完整性。行为测试将测量 绝对阈值和差阈值、频率选择性以及 时间上的歧视，所有的频率范围都很广。 这些任务也评估特定的注意过程和功能 基础语音和语言处理。生理学评价 将提供有关这些基本听觉过程的信息。 此外，躯体感觉系统的电生理学研究 将评估早期铅暴露对这一重要途径的影响 并确定铅中毒对听觉系统的特异性。 以前在同一批猴子身上观察到的异常现象。我们还将 检查药物干预和程序性治疗的效果 减轻铅对小鼠行为和生理影响的变化 听觉处理。拟议研究的对象是17名成年人 (15岁)在发育早期暴露于铅的猴子。我们的目标是 最终评估持久的，可能是不可逆转的影响 早期接触铅。阐明铅影响的未来方向 引起注意的曝光。关键词铅，猴子，听力， 电生理、认知、听觉处理

OBJECTIVE: To examine auditory system function and attention in the rhesus monkey as a model of childhood lead exposure. Peripheral and higher order auditory processes are evaluated using behavioral and electrophysiological techniques. RESULTS We developed a new behavioral test to assess the effects of previous lead exposure on attention and we continue to test animals in this task. Our studies and others' have demonstrated the effects of early lead exposure on auditory processes in children and in animal models. We evaluated these effects, which occur at multiple levels of the audi-tory system, through behavioral and electrophysiologic techniques. Specific effects on the auditory system likely contribute to the more global cognitive abnormalities associated with childhood lead exposure. These include reduced IQ (especially verbal IQ), attentional deficits, impaired speech per-ception, impaired performance on language production tasks, reading disabilities and school prob-lems. A better understanding of auditory system contributions to the adverse consequences of early lead exposure would facilitate the design of therapeutic interventions and special education programs for children and adults known to have experienced early lead exposure. A broad range of behavioral and physiologic studies will examine auditory system integrity at multiple levels. Behavioral tests will measure absolute and difference thresholds, frequency selectivity, and temporal discriminations, all over a broad range of frequencies. These tasks also evaluate certain attentional processes and func-tions underlying speech and language processing. Physiologic evaluations will provide information on these same fundamental auditory processes. In addition, electrophysiologic studies of the somato-sensory system will evaluate effects of early lead exposure on this important pathway and determine the specificity to the auditory system of lead-induced abnormalities observed previously in the same monkeys. We will also examine the efficacy of phar-macological interventions and procedural changes to attenuate behavioral and physiological effects of lead on auditory processing. Subjects for the proposed studies are 17 adult (15 yr-old) monkeys exposed to lead during early development. We aim to ultimately evaluate enduring and possibly irre-versible effects of early lead exposure. FUTURE DIRECTIONS To clarify effects of lead exposure on attention. KEY WORDS lead, monkeys, hearing, electrophysiological, cognition, auditory processing