AGING, RELIGIOSITY, AND REACTIVITY TO VARYING STRESSORS

衰老、宗教信仰和对不同压力源的反应

• 批准号: 6197706
• 负责人: KEVIN S MASTERS
• 金额: $ 6.95万
• 依托单位: UTAH STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2000
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2000-09-01 至 2001-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6197706
• 关键词: adolescence (12-20); aging; angers; behavioral /social science research tag; blood pressure; clinical research; cognition; conflict; heart rate; human middle age (35-64); human old age (65+); human subject; interpersonal relations; psychological aspect of aging; psychological stressor; religion; young adult human (21-34)

The general goal of this project is to better understand how religiosity may influence cardiovascular reactivity in older adults as compared to a control sample of younger adults. Previous research has shown that religiosity is associated with better well-being and health in old age. What is less well understood is the mechanism(s) by which this occurs. Studies with other populations have noted a pattern of results demonstrating that intrinsic (I) religiosity is related to better mental health functioning while the opposite is true for extrinsic (E) religiosity. Psychophysiological reactivity has been proposed as one means through which psychological variables (e.g., hostility) may exert a deleterious effect on cardiovascular functioning. Theoretically, the I orientation may dampen hostile reactivity via cognitive mediation of stressful stimuli. The opposite may occur for the E approach. Intrinsically based reduction in reactivity may be more likely when the stressor is interpersonal (providing the possibility for conflict), rather than cognitive. Further, it is possible that the effects of I in moderating reactivity may be magnified across the life span and among those for whom religiosity is more salient. The specific aim of this study is to determine if there are significant differences in cardiovascular and hostile reactivity to stress as a result of the interaction of religious orientation (I vs. E), age (older vs. younger), and type of stressor (interpersonal vs. cognitive). A sample of 160 individuals, half ranging in age from 18 to 24 years and the other half in the 60 to 80 year range, will be recruited and divided into two groups based on religious orientation (I vs. E). They will then be sequentially exposed to the two stressors (interpersonal, cognitive) in a counterbalanced order. Blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) will be continuously monitored and stressor induced anger will also be assessed by self-report. Change score measures of BP, HR, and anger in response to the stressor will be dependent variables in analyses of variance with religiosity (I, E), age (younger, older), and type of stressor (interpersonal, cognitive) serving as independent variables.

该项目的总体目标是更好地了解宗教信仰如何影响老年人的心血管反应，与年轻人的对照样本相比。以前的研究表明，宗教信仰与老年时更好的幸福和健康有关。 不太清楚的是发生这种情况的机制。 对其他人群的研究已经注意到一种结果模式，表明内在（I）宗教信仰与更好的心理健康功能有关，而外在（E）宗教信仰则相反。 心理生理反应已经被提出作为一种手段，通过这种手段，心理变量（例如，敌意）可能对心血管功能产生有害影响。 从理论上讲，我的取向可能会抑制敌对反应，通过认知调解的压力刺激。 对于E方法，可能会发生相反的情况。当压力源是人际关系（提供冲突的可能性），而不是认知时，基于内在的反应性降低可能更有可能。 此外，我在调节反应性方面的作用可能会在整个生命周期中被放大，并且在那些宗教信仰更突出的人中被放大。 本研究的具体目的是确定是否有显着差异，心血管和敌对反应的压力，作为一个结果的相互作用的宗教取向（I与E），年龄（老年人与年轻人），和类型的压力（人际与认知）。 将招募160名样本，其中一半年龄在18至24岁之间，另一半年龄在60至80岁之间，并根据宗教取向分为两组（I与E）。然后，他们将依次暴露于两个压力源（人际，认知）在一个平衡的顺序。 将持续监测血压（BP）和心率（HR），并通过自我报告评估压力源引起的愤怒。血压、心率和愤怒对压力源的反应的变化分数测量将是与宗教信仰（I，E）、年龄（年轻，年长）和压力源类型（人际关系，认知）作为自变量的方差分析中的因变量。

项目成果

Religious orientation, aging, and blood pressure reactivity to interpersonal and cognitive stressors.

宗教取向、衰老和血压对人际和认知压力的反应。

• DOI: 10.1207/s15324796abm2803_5
• 发表时间: 2004
• 期刊: Annals of behavioral medicine : a publication of the Society of Behavioral Medicine
• 作者: Masters,KevinS;Hill,RobertD;Kircher,JohnC;LensegravBenson,TeraL;Fallon,JenniferA
• 通讯作者: Fallon,JenniferA