IS HYPOTHALAMIC CONTROL OF LIMB MOVEMENT DIRECT OR VIA MODULATION OF STATE

了解行为唤醒和运动的神经调节 促进作用对于理解睡眠的正常控制很重要， 尾流调节和控制电机输出，以及阐明 根据临床相关的条件，如失眠，过度的一天 时间嗜睡，快速眼动行为障碍和嗜睡症。 因此，这项研究计划的广泛，长期目标是 了解后下丘脑在产生 皮层和行为唤醒本提案中的实验 是为了确定下丘脑后部 产生清醒的行为成分， 大脑的这个区域引发肢体运动是 在动物中促进普遍的唤醒。实验包括 在这个提议中，旨在检验以下假设：1）大鼠 以这样的方式横切，留下基底间脑， 完整脑干继续在睡眠-觉醒状态中循环。2)肢体 这些动物所表现出的运动集中在清醒状态下，第三章 对肢体运动的表达有昼夜节律的影响， 4)切除后下丘脑完全消除了这些肢体 动作。5)下丘脑后部微电刺激 产生全身性的兴奋，然后表达肢体运动。一 这项建议的第二个目标是引进本科生和 硕士研究生水平的生物医学研究。因此 实验的设计允许学生大量参与。 这项研究将向学生介绍临床上重要的 睡眠研究领域，以及基本的神经生理学技术。 例如，学生将学习小动物立体定位手术， 电微刺激、电生理记录与脑 组织学/损伤。这些技术广泛适用于许多 神经科学的问题。学生还将接受以下培训： 基本实验设计、数据简化和统计分析，以及 手稿和研讨会准备。这些技术和技能将 为更高级的培训提供良好的基础并激发兴趣 在生物医学科学中。

Understanding the neural regulation of behavioral arousal and motor facilitation is important in understanding the normal control of sleep- wake regulation and control of motor output, as well as elucidating the basis of such clinically relevant conditions as insomnia, excessive day time sleepiness, rapid-eye movement behavior disorder and narcolepsy. Consequently, the broad, long-term objective of this research program is to understand the role of the posterior hypothalamus in the production of cortical and behavioral arousal. The experiments included in this proposal are designed to determine whether the posterior hypothalamus is necessary for the production of the behavioral components of wakefulness and whether initiation of limb movements by this region of the brain is a result of promotion of a generalized arousal in the animal. The experiments included in this proposal are designed to test the hypotheses that: 1) rats transected in such a fashion as to leave the basal diencephalon and brainstem intact continue to cycle through sleep-wake states., 2) the limb movements exhibited by these animals are clustered in wakefulness., 3) there is a circadian influence on the expression of the limb movements., 4) removal of the posterior hypothalamus completely eliminates these limb movements., 5) electrical microstimulation in the posterior hypothalamus produces generalized arousal followed by expression of limb movements. A secondary objective of this proposal is to introduce undergraduate and Masters level graduate students to biomedical research. Consequently, the experiments have been designed to allow substantial student involvement. The research proposed will introduce students to the clinically important field of sleep research, as well as basic neurophysiological techniques. For example, the students will learn small animal stereotaxic surgery, electrical microstimulation, electrophysiological recording and brain histology/ lesioning. These techniques are widely applicable to many questions in the neurosciences. The students will also receive training in basic experimental design, reduction and statistical analysis of data, and manuscript and seminar preparation. These techniques and skills will provide a sound base for and stimulate interest in more advanced training in the biomedical sciences.