权益分类	功能权益	普通用户	{{item.name}}会员
{{category.name}}	{{benefitItem.name}}

Parallel Computing Resources for the UK MHD Community

英国 MHD 社区的并行计算资源

基本信息

批准号：
ST/H008799/1
负责人：
Alan Hood
金额：
$ 123.3万
依托单位：
University of St Andrews
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2009
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2009 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FH008799%2F1
关键词：
Parallel Computing Resources UK MHD

项目摘要

Virtually all material in the universe consists of an ionised gas called a plasma. Plasmas conduct electricity and interact with magnetic fields, producing many physical phenomena not easily reproduced in laboratories on Earth. The large-scale behaviour of these plasmas can be predicted by using a known set of complicated mathematical equations, called the equations of Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). The solutions of MHD equations can describe the behaviour of plasmas in which collisions dominate the physical processes, such as (i) the generation of magnetic fields through a process known as dynamo action, (ii) the release of a staggering amount of magnetic energy in a large solar flare by magnetic reconnection, (iii) the small scale chaotic motions of turbulence in a magnetised plasma, (iv) the fact that solar atmosphere is much hotter than the solar surface and (v) the way in which gigantic eruptions of solar plasma interact with the Earth's magnetic field to produce the Aurora. When collisional effects are weak, in low-density plasmas and in problems involving short length-scales, the more fundamental kinetic equations must be solved. However, the solution of both sets of equations require extremely large computers and the best way is to link several hundred computers together and get them all working on a fraction of the large problem. These computers are called parallel computers. The UK effort in this research area is at the forefront of the worldwide effort to understand how the Sun, the Solar System and astrophysical plasmas work. While this work is essentially theoretical, it is driven by the observations of the present fleet of solar and astrophysical ground and space-based observatories.

事实上，宇宙中的所有物质都是由一种称为等离子体的电离气体组成的。等离子体导电并与磁场相互作用，产生了许多在地球实验室中不易复制的物理现象。这些等离子体的大尺度行为可以通过使用一组已知的复杂数学方程来预测，这些方程称为磁流体动力学(MHD)方程。MHD方程的解可以描述等离子体的行为，其中碰撞主导了物理过程，例如(I)通过被称为发电机作用的过程产生磁场，(Ii)通过磁重联在大型太阳耀斑中释放出惊人的磁能，(Iii)磁化等离子体中的小尺度湍流运动，(Iv)太阳大气比太阳表面热得多的事实，以及(V)太阳等离子体的巨大爆发与地球磁场相互作用产生极光的方式。当碰撞效应很弱时，在低密度等离子体中，在涉及短尺度的问题中，必须求解更基本的动力学方程。然而，这两组方程的求解都需要非常大的计算机，最好的方法是将数百台计算机连接在一起，让它们都能处理大问题的一小部分。这些计算机被称为并行计算机。英国在这一研究领域的努力走在了理解太阳、太阳系和天体物理等离子体如何工作的全球努力的前沿。虽然这项工作基本上是理论上的，但它是由目前的太阳和天体物理地面和天基观测站的观测推动的。