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Utilizing Virtual Observatory Technology to Improve the Frequency and Coverage of Tropical Forest Monitoring (ASTROTROP)

利用虚拟观测站技术提高热带森林监测频率和覆盖范围（ASTROTROP）

基本信息

批准号：
ST/K006738/1
负责人：
A Grainger
金额：
$ 1.54万
依托单位：
University of Leeds
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Research Grant
财政年份：
2013
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2013 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FK006738%2F1
关键词：
Utilizing Virtual Observatory Technology Improve

项目摘要

There is still great uncertainty about the extent and rate of change of key terrestrial phenomena such as forest change, biodiversity loss and desertification. For even though Earth observation satellites have collected data continually at global scale since 1972, the promise of Earth observation has not been realized, since science has not found a way to convert the data contained in large numbers of satellite images into global information that can be analysed by scientists.One reason for this problem is that global environmental phenomena comprise multiple attributes, e.g. area, carbon density and species richness etc., each studied by a different scientific discipline. The disciplines rarely collaborate and lack technologies to combine their digital information sets operationally even if they wanted to cooperate. Astronomy faced a similar challenge in the 1990s when combining data collected at different wavelengths, e.g. in optical and radio bands, was difficult if not impossible. To tackle the problem it developed the concept of a Virtual Observatory (VO) - a technology layer that sits between the user and astronomy data archives and provides homogeneous access regardless of data type or storage, thus enabling comprehensive and highly focused research that was previously impossible. The UK has played a leading role in developing the VO through AstroGrid technology funded by STFC. In recent years there have been calls to establish a family of global environmental observatories to continuously monitor forest change, biodiversity loss and desertification. This project will evaluate the feasibility of using or adapting Astrogrid and later VO technology, developed by a consortium led by the University of Edinburgh, for use in global environmental observatories. Since much of the design of VO technology is generic there is a high probability that it can be used for this purpose. The project will focus on mechanisms needed for a pan-tropical forest observatory, and bring together the Astrogrid community with a 54 member network of UK tropical forest researchers (TROPGLOBE), coordinated by the University of Leeds, who need the information that such an observatory will provide.This project will begin with a detailed six months study, scoped by an opening conference. The evaluation report will be discussed at a workshop and in the second year of the project there will be trials of prototype software deemed suitable. The project will also allow scientists from different disciplines to collaborate in overlaying their own sets of information on particular forest attributes with regional forest area maps. In the first year information layers will be exchanged via the internet, but in the second year the layers will be superimposed virtually, using adapted AstroGrid software. Astronomers and global change scientists in the same university will also establish joint groups to engage in dialogue and joint trials of software.This unique collaboration between the UK astronomical and global change communities will address the CLASP challenge areas of automated ecosystem monitoring and monitoring carbon emission sources and sinks, and the CLASP technology gaps of Earth observation and networks of sensors and data systems. It will lead to a quantum leap in Earth observation technology because it will enable scientists to greatly improve their estimates of the global extent and rate of change of tropical forest carbon and biodiversity stocks, and other terrestrial phenomena, and thereby provide a more robust basis for policy making.

森林变化、生物多样性丧失和荒漠化等关键陆地现象的变化程度和速度仍存在很大的不确定性。因为尽管自1972年以来地球观测卫星在全球范围内不断收集数据，但地球观测的前景尚未实现，因为科学尚未找到一种方法将大量卫星图像中所含的数据转换为科学家可以分析的全球信息，造成这一问题的一个原因是全球环境现象包括多种属性，例如面积、碳密度和物种丰富度等，每一个都由不同的科学学科研究。这些学科很少合作，而且缺乏技术来联合收割机操作地结合它们的数字信息集，即使它们想合作。天文学在20世纪90年代面临着类似的挑战，当时将在不同波长（例如光学和无线电波段）收集的数据结合起来即使不是不可能，也很困难。为了解决这个问题，它开发了虚拟天文台（VO）的概念-一个位于用户和天文数据档案之间的技术层，无论数据类型或存储如何，都可以提供同质访问，从而实现以前不可能实现的全面和高度集中的研究。英国在通过STFC资助的AstroGrid技术开发VO方面发挥了主导作用。近年来，人们呼吁建立一系列全球环境观测站，以持续监测森林变化、生物多样性丧失和荒漠化。该项目将评估使用或改造由爱丁堡大学牵头的一个财团开发的Astrogrid和后来的VO技术用于全球环境观测站的可行性。由于VO技术的大部分设计是通用的，因此它很有可能用于此目的。该项目将侧重于建立泛热带森林观测站所需的机制，并将Astrogrid社区与由利兹大学协调的54名英国热带森林研究人员网络（TROPGLOBE）聚集在一起，他们需要这样一个观测站将提供的信息。评价报告将在一个讲习班上讨论，在项目的第二年，将试用被认为合适的原型软件。该项目还将使来自不同学科的科学家能够合作，将他们自己的关于特定森林属性的资料集与区域森林地区地图重叠起来。在第一年，信息层将通过互联网交换，但在第二年，这些层将使用适应的AstroGrid软件虚拟叠加。天文学家和全球变化科学家在同一所大学也将建立联合小组，从事对话和软件的联合试验。英国天文和全球变化社区之间的这种独特的合作将解决CLASP的自动生态系统监测和监测碳排放源和汇的挑战领域，以及地球观测和传感器和数据系统网络的CLASP技术差距。它将导致地球观测技术的巨大飞跃，因为它将使科学家能够大大改进他们对热带森林碳和生物多样性储量以及其他陆地现象的全球范围和变化率的估计，从而为决策提供更有力的依据。