Towards a virtual observatory for ecosystem services and poverty alleviation

建立生态系统服务和扶贫虚拟观测站

• 批准号: NE/I004017/1
• 负责人: Wouter Buytaert
• 金额: $ 17.41万
• 依托单位: Imperial College London
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2011
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2011 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=NE%2FI004017%2F1
• 关键词: Towards; virtual; observatory; ecosystem; services

For the indigenous communities of the Pacaya-Samira National Reserve in the Peruvian Amazon, turtle farming is a successful survival strategy. The practice keeps the natural animal population numbers up and provides a necessary source of food and income. However, the success of the activity is highly dependent on information about the erratic river level, which may flood nesting beaches at crucial times. In the Yasuni national park in the Ecuadorian Amazon, bush meat hunting regions are threatened by encroaching deforestation. At the same time in the Andean headwaters of Ecuador, Peru and Bolivia, the availability and quality of irrigation water depends strongly on mountain wetland management, and is potentially threatened by global climate change. These are striking examples of many situations where the livelihoods of local communities depend on crucial ecosystem services. However, a sustainable management of these services is only possible using an advanced integration of climatic, hydrological, and ecological data. Current approaches to integrate such data have largely failed for a variety of reasons. In Pacaya Samira, little local data are available resulting in very large uncertainties in the model predictions. In the Andean highlands, local politicians and managers have difficulties interpreting model simulations and design proper land management schemes. Finally, both systems can benefit strongly from the incorporation of local expert knowledge to reduce model uncertainties. Recently, many methodologies for data integration and user interaction have been developed. They are known under the common umbrella of a 'virtual observatory' (VO). The ultimate goal of a VO is a perfect integration of data, models and users. Worldwide, many coordinated activities are ongoing to make this integration a reality. However, far less attention has been paid to the question of how these developments can benefit environmental services management and poverty alleviation. This project will design and implement an environmental prediction system for the above mentioned case studies, using existing virtual observatory tools. In a next step, we will develop, implement and evaluate tools to improve the value of these systems in the specific conditions of poverty alleviation, i.e., (1) Improved communication of simulations. This action will particularly focus on the visualisation of modelling results and their uncertainties; (2) Assessing the value of collected data. In a data sparse and resources constrained environment, an optimal design of new data collection strategies is essential. Here we will develop methods to simulate the value of different data on the model predictions; (3) Integrating local managers' knowledge and practice in modelling systems. This module deals with the development of a user interface to evaluate models, identify model failures and reject models. Heavily relying on public domain software, open standards and existing VO efforts, we will develop a platform for interdisciplinary, cost-efficient and highly tailored environmental data analysis and simulation. This platform will be available immediately for the selected case studies, thus enabling direct poverty alleviation action benefiting an estimated 15000 local inhabitants. Close collaboration with local stakeholders and integration in existing initiatives ensures a quick adoption of the platform. For instance, the InfoAndina website of project partner CONDESAN which will be integrated, has more than 1600 registered users. At the same time, the project will generate novel scientific insights in model simulation, communication and improvement in a developing context. The involvement of the PI in the global Virtual Observatory community will ensure that the research results will optimally benefit ongoing research in this area.

对于秘鲁亚马逊帕卡亚-萨米拉国家保护区的土著社区来说，海龟养殖是一种成功的生存策略。这种做法可以保持自然动物数量的增加，并提供必要的食物和收入来源。然而，活动的成功很大程度上取决于有关不稳定河流水位的信息，这可能会在关键时刻淹没筑巢海滩。在厄瓜多尔亚马逊的亚苏尼国家公园，丛林肉狩猎区受到森林砍伐的威胁。与此同时，在厄瓜多尔、秘鲁和玻利维亚的安第斯源头，灌溉水的供应和质量在很大程度上取决于山区湿地管理，并可能受到全球气候变化的威胁。这些是当地社区生计依赖于关键生态系统服务的许多情况的突出例子。然而，只有利用气候、水文和生态数据的高级集成，才能对这些服务进行可持续管理。由于多种原因，目前整合此类数据的方法基本上都失败了。在帕卡亚萨米拉，可用的本地数据很少，导致模型预测存在很大的不确定性。在安第斯高地，当地政治家和管理者很难解释模型模拟并设计适当的土地管理方案。最后，这两个系统都可以从本地专家知识的结合中受益匪浅，以减少模型的不确定性。最近，已经开发了许多数据集成和用户交互的方法。它们被称为“虚拟天文台”（VO）。 VO的最终目标是数据、模型和用户的完美融合。在世界范围内，许多协调一致的活动正在进行中，以使这种整合成为现实。然而，人们很少关注这些发展如何有利于环境服务管理和扶贫的问题。该项目将利用现有的虚拟观测站工具，为上述案例研究设计和实施一个环境预测系统。下一步，我们将开发、实施和评估工具，以提高这些系统在扶贫特定条件下的价值，即（1）改进模拟的沟通。该行动将特别关注建模结果及其不确定性的可视化； (2) 评估收集数据的价值。在数据稀疏和资源受限的环境中，新数据收集策略的优化设计至关重要。在这里，我们将开发方法来模拟不同数据对模型预测的价值； (3) 将当地管理者的知识和实践整合到建模系统中。该模块涉及用户界面的开发，以评估模型、识别模型故障和拒绝模型。我们将在很大程度上依靠公共领域软件、开放标准和现有的 VO 工作，开发一个跨学科、经济高效且高度定制的环境数据分析和模拟平台。该平台将立即用于选定的案例研究，从而使直接扶贫行动惠及约 15000 名当地居民。与当地利益相关者的密切合作以及与现有计划的整合确保了该平台的快速采用。例如，即将整合的项目合作伙伴CONDESAN的InfoAndina网站拥有超过1600名注册用户。同时，该项目还将在发展背景下的模型模拟、交流和改进方面产生新颖的科学见解。 PI 参与全球虚拟天文台社区将确保研究成果最有利于该领域正在进行的研究。

项目成果

Glacial melt content of water use in the tropical Andes

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/aa926c
• 发表时间: 2017-11
• 期刊: Environmental Research Letters
• 影响因子: 6.7
• 作者: W. Buytaert;S. Moulds;L. Acosta;Bert de Bièvre;C. Olmos;M. Villacís;C. Tovar;K. Verbist

A Comparative Analysis of TRMM-Rain Gauge Data Merging Techniques at the Daily Time Scale for Distributed Rainfall-Runoff Modeling Applications

• DOI: 10.1175/jhm-d-14-0197.1
• 发表时间: 2015-10
• 期刊: Journal of Hydrometeorology
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: D. Nerini;Z. Zulkafli;Li-Pen Wang;C. Onof;W. Buytaert;Waldo Lavado-Casimiro;J. Guyot

A geospatial framework to support integrated biogeochemical modelling in the United Kingdom

• DOI: 10.1016/j.envsoft.2015.02.012
• 发表时间: 2015-06
• 期刊: Environ. Model. Softw.
• 作者: S. Greene;P. Johnes;J. Bloomfield;S. Reaney;R. Lawley;Yehia El-khatib;J. Freer;N. Odoni;C. Macleod;B. Percy

From patches to richness: assessing the potential impact of landscape transformation on biodiversity

• DOI: 10.1002/ecs2.2004
• 发表时间: 2017-11-01
• 期刊: ECOSPHERE
• 影响因子: 2.7
• 作者: Arnillas, Carlos Alberto;Tovar, Carolina;Buytaert, Wouter
• 通讯作者: Buytaert, Wouter

Parameterizing the JULES land surface model for different land covers in the tropical Andes

对热带安第斯山脉不同土地覆盖的 JULES 地表模型进行参数化

• DOI: 10.1080/02626667.2022.2094709
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Hydrological Sciences Journal
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: Chou H