Remote Sensing for Air Quality Impact Assessment
遥感空气质量影响评估
基本信息
- 批准号:ST/M007219/1
- 负责人:
- 金额:$ 2万
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Research Grant
- 财政年份:2015
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2015 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
Poor air quality is a threat to human health and ecosystems across many parts of the developed World (especially in Europe and North America) and is rapidly worsening in parts of the developing World (especially in Asia and parts of Africa). There is a large focus on understanding air pollution impacts on human health and how pollution concentrations (especially ozone and particulate matter or aerosol) contribute to premature deaths and increases in cardiovascular disease. However, air pollution also affects ecosystems, here impacts vary from effects on yield, biomass and biodiversity losses which can lead to reductions in crop and timber yields and changes in species composition of ecosystems. Impacts on vegetation biomass will also affect carbon sequestration (less carbon being held in living biomass leading to more carbon dioxide in the atmosphere) which will enhance climate change. Air pollution has also been found to affect the control that plants have over gas exchange resulting in increased transpiration which can in turn alter stream flow and hydrology. Even though these effects threaten food security, natural resources & biodiversity and the regulation of supporting biophysical systems our understanding of air pollution effects on ecosystems is far less advanced compared to that for human health, especially when considered at the global scale. This project seeks to redress that balance using novel approaches that will bring together state of the art advances in the interpretation of satellite data targeted towards helping evaluate global air quality models and improve their ability to make future predictions of air pollution impacts on ecosystems. The project will focus efforts by developing a data and modelling framework that provides a means of integrating different components (chemistry transport models, pollution impact models, satellite data of pollutant concentrations, land cover characteristics, surface monitoring data) that, when brought together, will advance our knowledge of air pollution impacts to vegetation. The project will target specific aspects of this integration to reduce key uncertainties in air pollution impact assessment and allow future advancements in both remote sensing and air quality disciplines to be more easily integrated in the future. These are i. incorporation of seasonal cycles of canopy architecture derived from satellite data into chemistry transport models; ii. use of satellite derived distributions of ozone, aerosol, photosynthetically active radiation and fluorescence to evaluate chemistry transport model outputs and; iii. inclusion of methods to simulate photosynthesis and fluorescence into chemistry transport models so that the combined action of aerosol and ozone on photosynthesis (and subsequent vegetation damage) can be more readily compared with satellite data observations.Finally, the project will culminate in an end user workshop to raise awareness of these new developments and their potential application to the broader scientific community concerned with understanding the influence of air pollution on atmospheric and terrestrial biosphere exchange processes. The project will also benefit a range of stakeholders with interest in air quality including i. national government through contribution to improving national scale modelling of air pollution; ii. European bodies involved in the UNECEs Convention on Long Range Transboundary Air Pollution who require estimates of pollution concentration and associated impacts to human health and vegetation across Europe; and iii. organisations such as UNEP active at the global level tasked with developing policies that can most effectively mitigate the most damaging effects of air pollution. Finally, the project will also benefit the Earth System Modelling community who are currently developing methods to improve our understanding of the effect of air pollution on atmosphere-biosphere exchange.
在发达国家的许多地区(特别是在欧洲和北美),糟糕的空气质量是对人类健康和生态系统的威胁,在发展中世界的一些地区(特别是在亚洲和非洲的部分地区),空气质量正在迅速恶化。重点是了解空气污染对人类健康的影响,以及污染浓度(特别是臭氧和颗粒物或气溶胶)如何导致过早死亡和心血管疾病增加。然而,空气污染也影响生态系统,对产量、生物量和生物多样性损失的影响各不相同,这可能导致作物和木材产量减少以及生态系统物种组成的变化。对植被生物量的影响也将影响碳封存(活体生物质中持有的碳更少,导致大气中的二氧化碳更多),这将加剧气候变化。空气污染还被发现影响植物对气体交换的控制,导致蒸腾作用增加,进而改变水流和水文。尽管这些影响威胁着粮食安全、自然资源和生物多样性以及对支持生物物理系统的管理,但我们对空气污染对生态系统的影响的理解远不如对人类健康的影响,尤其是在全球范围内。该项目寻求利用新的方法纠正这一平衡,这些方法将汇集卫星数据解释方面的最新进展,旨在帮助评估全球空气质量模型,并提高它们对未来空气污染对生态系统影响的预测能力。该项目将集中努力,开发一个数据和建模框架,提供一种综合不同组成部分(化学运输模型、污染影响模型、污染物浓度卫星数据、土地覆盖特征、地表监测数据)的手段,当这些组成部分结合在一起时,将增进我们对空气污染对植被影响的了解。该项目将针对这一整合的具体方面,以减少空气污染影响评估中的关键不确定性,并使遥感和空气质量学科的未来进展在未来更容易整合。它们是:1.将来自卫星数据的冠层结构的季节周期纳入化学输送模式;2.利用卫星得出的臭氧、气溶胶、光合作用有效辐射和荧光的分布来评估化学传输模式的输出;将模拟光合作用和荧光的方法纳入化学传输模型,以便可以更容易地将气溶胶和臭氧对光合作用(以及随后的植被损害)的联合作用与卫星数据观测相比较。最后,该项目将在最终用户研讨会上达到高潮,以提高对这些新发展及其潜在应用的认识,使更广泛的科学界了解空气污染对大气和陆地生物圈交换过程的影响。该项目还将使对空气质量感兴趣的一系列利益攸关方受益,其中包括:1.国家政府通过为改进国家范围的空气污染模型作出贡献;2.参与欧洲经委会《关于远程越境空气污染的公约》的欧洲机构,要求估计整个欧洲的污染浓度及其对人类健康和植被的相关影响;环境规划署等组织活跃在全球一级,负责制定能够最有效地减轻空气污染最具破坏性的影响的政策。最后,该项目还将使地球系统模型界受益,他们目前正在开发方法,以提高我们对空气污染对大气-生物圈交换的影响的了解。
项目成果
期刊论文数量(9)
专著数量(0)
科研奖励数量(0)
会议论文数量(0)
专利数量(0)
Influence of the wintertime North Atlantic Oscillation on European tropospheric composition: an observational and modelling study
冬季北大西洋涛动对欧洲对流层成分的影响:观测和建模研究
- DOI:10.5194/acp-18-8389-2018
- 发表时间:2018
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:6.3
- 作者:Pope R
- 通讯作者:Pope R
The TOMCAT global chemical transport model v1.6: description of chemical mechanism and model evaluation
- DOI:10.5194/gmd-10-3025-2017
- 发表时间:2016-08
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.1
- 作者:S. Monks;S. Arnold;M. Hollaway;R. Pope;Chris Wilson;W. Feng;K. Emmerson;B. Kerridge;B. Latter;G. Miles;R. Siddans;M. Chipperfield
- 通讯作者:S. Monks;S. Arnold;M. Hollaway;R. Pope;Chris Wilson;W. Feng;K. Emmerson;B. Kerridge;B. Latter;G. Miles;R. Siddans;M. Chipperfield
Ozone effects on crops and consideration in crop models
- DOI:10.1016/j.eja.2018.06.002
- 发表时间:2018-10-01
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:5.2
- 作者:Emberson, Lisa D.;Pleijel, Hakan;Van Dingenen, Rita
- 通讯作者:Van Dingenen, Rita
Tropospheric Ozone Assessment Report: Present-day distribution and trends of tropospheric ozone relevant to climate and global atmospheric chemistry model evaluation
- DOI:10.1525/elementa.291
- 发表时间:2018-05-10
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.9
- 作者:Gaudel, A.;Cooper, O. R.;Ziemke, J.
- 通讯作者:Ziemke, J.
Widespread changes in UK air quality observed from space
从太空观察到的英国空气质量的广泛变化
- DOI:10.1002/asl.817
- 发表时间:2018
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:3
- 作者:Pope R
- 通讯作者:Pope R
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Lisa Emberson其他文献
Developing the DO3SE-crop model for Xiaoji, China
为中国小吉开发 DO3SE 作物模型
- DOI:
- 发表时间:
- 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
- 作者:
Pritha Pande;Sam Bland;Nathan Booth;Jo Cook;Zhaozhong Feng;Lisa Emberson - 通讯作者:
Lisa Emberson
Preliminary results of modeled ozone uptake for <em>Fagus sylvatica</em> L. trees at selected EU/UN-ECE intensive monitoring plots
- DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2006.02.029 - 发表时间:
2007-02-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Marcus Schaub;Lisa Emberson;Patrick Büker;Norbert Kräuchi - 通讯作者:
Norbert Kräuchi
Effects of ozone on crops in north-west Pakistan
- DOI:
10.1016/j.envpol.2012.11.029 - 发表时间:
2013-03-01 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:
- 作者:
Muhammad Nauman Ahmad;Patrick Büker;Sofia Khalid;Leon Van Den Berg;Hamid Ullah Shah;Abdul Wahid;Lisa Emberson;Sally A. Power;Mike Ashmore - 通讯作者:
Mike Ashmore
Erratum to: Monitoring Nitrogen Dioxide Levels in Urban Areas in Rawalpindi, Pakistan
- DOI:
10.1007/s11270-011-1037-9 - 发表时间:
2011-12-23 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:3.000
- 作者:
Sheikh Saeed Ahmad;Patrick Büker;Lisa Emberson;Rabia Shabbir - 通讯作者:
Rabia Shabbir
Lisa Emberson的其他文献
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{{ truncateString('Lisa Emberson', 18)}}的其他基金
EO4AgroClimate - Towards a digital twin of cropping systems based on ingestion of EO into process-based crop models (EOCROP)
EO4AgroClimate - 基于将 EO 摄入到基于过程的作物模型 (EOCROP) 的作物系统数字孪生
- 批准号:
ST/Y005317/1 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 2万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Development and application of Earth Observation to support reductions in methane emission from agriculture (EOforCH4)
地球观测的开发和应用以支持减少农业甲烷排放(EOforCH4)
- 批准号:
ST/Y000404/1 - 财政年份:2023
- 资助金额:
$ 2万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
EO4AgroClimate: Earth Observation-based and Agro-tech Solutions for Australian Climate Smart Agriculture
EO4AgroClimate:澳大利亚气候智能农业的基于地球观测的农业技术解决方案
- 批准号:
ST/W00710X/1 - 财政年份:2021
- 资助金额:
$ 2万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
Pollution and Climate Smart Agriculture in China (PaCSAC)
中国污染与气候智能型农业 (PaCSAC)
- 批准号:
ST/V002481/1 - 财政年份:2020
- 资助金额:
$ 2万 - 项目类别:
Research Grant
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