MSSL/UCL Astrophysics Consolidated Grant 2016-2019

这个综合拨款申请包括天体物理学和仪器领域的相关项目组合。天体物理学项目分为三个部分：高能天体物理学;星系形成与演化;宇宙学。每一个领域都与空间设施有着直接的和有影响的联系，而每一个领域都是通过这些空间设施而被改变的。这是专家组的特殊优势，为我们提议的工作提供了一个值得注意的层面。然而，我们的计划绝不会受到MSSL硬件开发的限制，甚至不会受到飞行我们硬件的任务的限制。相反，在收集必要的数据以理解我们所解决的科学问题时，我们考虑了所有可用的路线，包括地面设施，STFC认为这些科学问题很重要。综合拨款还为未来的任务奠定了基础，包括JWST，欧几里得，PLATO，雅典娜（以及潜在的LOFT），我们在其中发挥了重要作用。我们的仪器研究专注于开发新颖的，小型化的<0.1K冷却器。我们提出了12个项目，与这四个专业领域保持一致。按顺序，这是高能天体物理学/极端重力环境中的三种情况（赞内（2），吴）;星系形成和演化中的四种情况（其中一个链接也与高能天体物理学主题有关）（Page，Kawata，Cropper，Ferreras），三个在宇宙学（麦克尤恩，Kitching（2））;以及进一步开发低温冷却器的技术案例（赫普本），这是对未来关键空间技术的投资。选择这一系列项目是为了推进本集团的核心研究活动。还有一个外联请求（绿色），以确保这些项目的成果被带到更广泛的社区。

This consolidated grant application comprises a portfolio of related projects across the fields of astrophysics and instrumentation. The astrophysics projects are in three strands: high energy astrophysics; galaxy formation & evolution; and cosmology. These each have a direct and influential connection with the space facilities by which each field is or will be transformed. This is the particular advantage held by the Group, providing a noteworthy dimension to the work we propose. However our programme is by no means limited by MSSL hardware exploitation or even the exploitation of missions flying our hardware. Rather, every route available is considered, including ground-based facilities, when gathering the data necessary to understand the science questions that we address and that have been identified by STFC as being important. The Consolidated Grant also sets the foundation for the expoitation of future missions including JWST, Euclid, PLATO, Athena (and, potentially, LOFT), in which we have significant roles.Our instrumentation research is focused on the development of novel, miniaturised <0.1K coolers.We present twelve projects, aligned with these four fields of expertise. In order, these are three cases in high energy astrophysics/extreme gravity environments (Zane (2), Wu); four cases in galaxy formation and evolution (one of which links also to the high-energy astrophysics theme) (Page, Kawata, Cropper, Ferreras), three in cosmology (McEwen, Kitching (2)); and a technical case for the further development of a cryogenic cooler (Hepburn), which is an investment in a critical space technology for the future. This set of projects is chosen to take forward the core research activity of the Group. There is also an outreach request (Green) to ensure the outcomes of these projects are taken to the wider community.