Perceptual Experience and Spoken Word Recognition

感知体验和口语单词识别

• 批准号: 6322037
• 负责人: EDWARD T AUER
• 金额: $ 30.81万
• 依托单位: HOUSE RESEARCH INSTITUTE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-05-01 至 2006-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6322037
• 关键词: auditory stimulus; behavior test; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; deafness; developmental neurobiology; experience; functional ability; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human middle age (35-64); human subject; language; neural information processing; neuroanatomy; perception; phonology; psycholinguistics; sign language; speech recognition; speechreading; symbolism; verbal learning; visual stimulus; vocabulary; young adult human (21-34)

The goal of the proposed research is to discover how perceptual experience affects the spoken word recognition processing system. This research capitalizes on wide individual differences in linguistic experience among prelingually deaf adults with English as a first language and on differences in access to perceptual information for normal-hearing versus the same deaf adults. The aim of Project I is to provide a detailed understanding of the relationship between how words are learned or used in terms of input channel - spoken, orthographic, finger spelled - and how words are processed. The hypothesis to be tested in terms of individual differences is that having more lexical experience in a communication channel facilitates word recognition via that same channel. The hypothesis will be investigated using behavioral and functional neuroanatomical (functional magnetic resonance imaging, fMRI) methods. Behavioral methods will include perceptual word identification, lexical decision, and subjective estimates of how words were learned. The fMRI task will be lipreading words by deaf adults, and analyses will focus on individual differences in magnitude and extent of activation. Behavioral and fMRI studies will expand on our previous research with the same methods and subject groups. The aim of Project II is to understand effects of perceiving words from phonetically impoverished (lipread) stimuli. The hypothesis to be tested is that phonetic information activates experientially derived word-form representations that are isomorphic with the chronically available perceptual (phonetic) information and not linguistically derived word-forms isomorphic with the phonemically distinct words in the language. This hypothesis predicts that spoken word-form representations based primarily on either optical (lipread by deaf adults) or acoustic (heard by hearing adults) signals during development will differ in the extent to which they approximate the phonemically different words in the language. Behavioral methods will include semantic priming and discrimination. fMRI experiments will investigate brain activation as a function of word-form similarity and phonotactics. The two projects will investigate fundamental scientific issues with direct clinical implications. For example, findings showing that how words are experienced affects how they are perceived would suggest that clinicians and educators of deaf children need to pay attention to the channel by which deaf children acquire language.

提出的研究的目标是发现如何感知