ADAPTION OF SPATIAL ORIENTATION IN LOCOMOTION & POSTURE

描述：(改编自调查者摘要)这项计划的长期目标 项目是了解姿势控制潜在的适应机制 站姿和步态的定向和平衡，以改善平衡 还有步态障碍。神经性痴呆患者的感觉信息丢失 缺陷和老年人会导致步态和平衡方面的问题， 调查人员假设，通过操纵来自 在支撑面上，它们可以揭示体感和前庭 信息以平衡和步态进行交互，并深入了解补偿 感觉丧失。 具体目标一：双侧前庭缺失患者如何使用体感 步态中姿势定向和平衡的信息？近期 研究表明，在圆形跑步机上原地踏步 刺激“)在正常人的运动轨迹中产生适应 研究对象。研究人员将使用对足部运动刺激的适应来 揭示双侧前庭缺失受试者如何使用躯体感觉 用于控制航行轨迹和平衡的信息 移动。他们假设前庭信息的丢失会增加 依赖躯体感觉/运动系统进行空间定位和 均衡。 具体目标二：重复暴露在足底运动刺激下是否会导致 正常人和慢性阻塞性肺疾病患者步态姿势的变化 单侧前庭缺失？调查人员假设重复了一次 暴露于足底运动刺激可增强和长期保持记忆 在正常受试者中的适应性，并且可以使用足部运动刺激 开发弯曲运动轨迹的康复方法和 单侧前庭缺失患者的平衡障碍。 具体目标三：在倾斜表面上适应姿势的效果是什么 健康受试者和前庭功能丧失受试者的姿势定位？ 研究人员将对适应的长期影响进行表征 斜面站姿在前庭缺失及对照患者中的显露 躯体感觉-运动系统对姿势定向的贡献。 他们假设前庭(尤其是耳石)丧失的患者 功能将表现出更大的变化，在姿势和 感觉到的倾斜度比正常对照组高，而且主动运动控制是必要的 以适应倾斜的表面。 更好地理解躯体感觉/运动系统以及 前庭系统，有助于运动和站立姿势将允许他们 以更好地识别和修复平衡和步态方面的缺陷。

DESCRIPTION: (adapted from Investigator's abstract) The long-term goal of this project is to understand the adaptive mechanisms underlying control of postural orientation and equilibrium in stance and gait in order to ameliorate balance and gait disorders. Loss of sensory information in patients with neurological deficits and in the elderly result in problems with gait and balance, and the investigators hypothesize that by manipulating somatosensory information from the support surface they can reveal how somatosensory and vestibular information interact in balance and gait and gain insight into compensation for sensory loss. Specific Aim I: How do bilateral vestibular loss patients use somatosensory information for postural orientation and equilibrium during gait? Recent studies have shown that stepping-in-place on a circular treadmill ("podokinetic stimulation") produces adaptations in locomotor trajectories in normal subjects. The investigators will use adaptation to podokinetic stimulation to reveal how subjects with bilateral vestibular loss use somatosensory information to control navigation trajectories and equilibrium during locomotion. They hypothesize that loss of vestibular information increases reliance on the somatosensory/motor system for spatial orientation and equilibrium. Specific Aim II: Can repeated exposures to podokinetic stimulation result in changes in postural orientation for gait in normal subjects and patients with unilateral vestibular loss? The Investigators hypothesize that repeated exposure to podokinetic stimulation results in enhanced and long-term retention of adaptation in normal subjects, and that podokinetic stimulation can be used to develop rehabilitation approaches for the curved locomotor trajectories and dysequilibrium observed in patients with unilateral vestibular loss. Specific Aim III: What is the effect of adapting to stance on inclined surfaces on postural orientation in healthy subjects and subjects with vestibular loss? The investigators will characterize the long-term effects of adaptation to stance on inclined surfaces in vestibular loss and control patients to reveal the contribution of the somatosensory-motor system to postural orientation. They hypothesize that patients with loss of vestibular (especially otolith) function will demonstrate larger changes in both postural orientation and perceived tilt than normal controls and that active motor control is necessary for adaptation to inclined surfaces. A better understanding of how the somatosensory/motor system, together with the vestibular system, contributes to locomotion and stance posture will allow them to better identify and rehabilitate deficits in balance and gait.