OzDES: Spectroscopy for the Dark Energy Survey

OzDES：暗能量调查的光谱学

• 批准号: ST/P000398/1
• 负责人: Michael Childress
• 金额: $ 23.26万
• 依托单位: University of Southampton
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Research Grant
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=ST%2FP000398%2F1
• 关键词: OzDES; Spectroscopy; Dark; Energy; Survey

Observations of distant Type Ia supernovae revealed that the expansion of the Universe is currently accelerating, fueled by some mysterious substance dubbed "Dark Energy". Following this surprising discovery, the current challenge for astrophysicists is to characterise the behaviour of Dark Energy in precise detail, in order to gain some clues as to its physical origin. Significant effort and funding is now being devoted to this end, including major UK investment in the upcoming Large Synoptic Survey Telescope (LSST) which is poised to revolutionise our understanding of Dark Energy.One major challenge to this effort is the astrophysical diversity of the supernovae we use as "standard candles". Our ability to use these cataclysmic events to measure distances is dependent upon the intrinsic uniformity of their brightnesses. Recent work has indicated that the type of galaxy where a supernova occurs can cause a subtle shift in its final brightness, and this trend appears consistent with a slight dependence of the supernova brightness on the age of the star system which produced it. This presents a major difficulty for measuring the expansion history of the Universe because the light from very distant supernovae was produced at an earlier epoch of the Universe when stars were on average younger. Thus we could be comparing apples and oranges when comparing the brightnesses of nearby and distant supernovae to infer the expansion history of the Universe.This project aims to definitively address the evolving impact of this "age bias" on the brightnesses of Type Ia supernovae, so that we may use them precisely and accurately to determine the true expansion history of the Universe and thus the detailed nature of Dark Energy. We will use data from the OzDES spectroscopy programme and the Dark Energy Survey (DES) imaging programme to characterise the host galaxies of thousands of supernovae -- a factor of ten more than previous surveys. With these supernova host galaxies, we will precisely measure how the ages of supernovae affect their brightnesses at all epochs of cosmic time. This will enable the most precise measurement of the properties of Dark Energy ever made.This project will also serve as a perfect test bed for the techniques UK astronomers will employ for supernovae discovered by LSST. While DES represents a factor of ten increase in sample size over the previous generation of supernova experiments, LSST will outpace the DES supernova count by a factor of nearly one hundred. Thus astronomers must take the opportunity now to refine the programs and techniques we will employ on the massive flow of data that will arrive with the advent of LSST, and this project will do precisely that.

对遥远的Ia型超新星的观测表明，宇宙的膨胀目前正在加速，由一些被称为“暗能量”的神秘物质提供燃料。在这一令人惊讶的发现之后，天体物理学家目前面临的挑战是精确地描述暗能量的行为，以便获得一些关于其物理起源的线索。目前，科学家们正在为此投入大量的努力和资金，其中包括英国对即将到来的大型综合巡天望远镜（LSST）的重大投资，该望远镜有望彻底改变我们对暗能量的理解。这项工作的一个主要挑战是我们用作“标准烛光”的超新星的天体物理多样性。我们利用这些灾难性事件来测量距离的能力取决于它们亮度的内在均匀性。最近的研究表明，超新星发生的星系类型可能会导致其最终亮度的微妙变化，这种趋势似乎与超新星亮度对产生它的星星系统的年龄的轻微依赖是一致的。这给测量宇宙的膨胀历史带来了很大的困难，因为来自非常遥远的超新星的光是在宇宙的早期产生的，明星平均年龄更小。因此，当我们比较附近和遥远的超新星的亮度来推断宇宙的膨胀历史时，我们可能会比较苹果和橘子。这个项目的目的是明确地解决这种“年龄偏差”对Ia型超新星亮度的演变影响，以便我们可以精确而准确地使用它们来确定宇宙的真实膨胀历史，从而确定暗能量的详细性质。我们将使用OzDES光谱学计划和暗能量调查（DES）成像计划的数据来识别数千颗超新星的宿主星系-这是以前调查的十倍。有了这些超新星宿主星系，我们将精确地测量超新星的年龄如何影响它们在宇宙时间的所有时期的亮度。这将使有史以来最精确的测量暗能量的属性。这个项目也将作为一个完美的测试平台的技术，英国天文学家将采用由LSST发现的超新星。虽然DES代表了上一代超新星实验的样本量增加了10倍，但LSST将超过DES超新星计数近100倍。因此，天文学家现在必须利用这个机会来完善我们将在LSST到来时获得的大量数据流上使用的程序和技术，而这个项目正是要做到这一点。

项目成果

Rapidly evolving transients in the Dark Energy Survey

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty2309
• 发表时间: 2018-03
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: M. Pursiainen;M. Childress;M. Smith;S. Prajs;M. Sullivan;T. Davis;R. Foley;J. Asorey;J. Asor

Supernova host galaxies in the dark energy survey: I. Deep coadds, photometry, and stellar masses

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/staa1302
• 发表时间: 2020-01
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: P. Wiseman;M. Smith;M. Childress;L. Kelsey;A. Moller;R. Gupta;E. Swann;C. Angus;D. Brout;T. Davis;R. Foley;C. Frohmaier;L. Galbany;C. Guti'errez;R. Kessler;G. Lewis;C. Lidman;E. MacAulay;R. Nichol;M. Pursiainen;M. Sako;D. Scolnic;N. E. Sommer;M. Sullivan;B. Tucker;T. Abbott;M. Aguena;S. Allam;S. Ávila;E. Bertin;D. Brooks;E. Buckley-Geer;D. Burke;A. Rosell;M. Kind;L. Costa;J. Vicente;S. Desai;H. Diehl;P. Doel;T. Eifler;S. Everett;P. Fosalba;J. Frieman;J. Garc'ia-Bellido;E. Gaztañaga;D. Gerdes;R. Gruendl;J. Gschwend;W. Hartley;S. Hinton;D. Hollowood;D. James;K. Kuehn;N. Kuropatkin;M. Lima;M. Maia;M. March;P. Martini;Peter Melchior;F. Menanteau;R. Miquel;R. Ogando;F. Paz-Chinch'on;A. Plazas;A. Romer;A. Roodman;E. Sánchez;V. Scarpine;S. Serrano;E. Suchyta;M. Swanson;G. Tarlé;D. Thomas;D. Tucker;T. Varga;A. Walker;R. Wilkinson

OzDES multifibre spectroscopy for the Dark Energy Survey: 3-yr results and first data release

用于暗能量调查的 OzDES 多光纤光谱：3 年结果和首次数据发布

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/stx1872
• 发表时间: 2017
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: Childress M

Dark Energy Survey Year 1 Results: redshift distributions of the weak-lensing source galaxies

• DOI: 10.1093/mnras/sty957
• 发表时间: 2017-08
• 期刊: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: B. Hoyle;D. Gruen;G. Bernstein;M. Rau;J. Vicente;W. Hartley;E. Gaztañaga;J. DeRose;M. Troxel;C. Davis;A. Alarcon;N. MacCrann;J. Prat;C. S'anchez;E. Sheldon;Risa Wechsler;J. Asorey;M. Becker;C. Bonnett;A. Rosell;D. Carollo;M. Kind;F. Castander;R. Cawthon;C. Chang;M. Childress;T. Davis;A. Drlica-Wagner;M. Gatti;K. Glazebrook;J. Gschwend;S. Hinton;J. Hoormann;A. Kim;A. King;K. Kuehn;G. Lewis;C. Lidman;H. Lin;E. MacAulay;M. Maia;P. Martini;D. Mudd;A. Moller;R. Nichol;R. Ogando;R. Rollins;A. Roodman;A. Ross;E. Rozo;E. Rykoff;S. Samuroff;I. Sevilla-Noarbe;R. Sharp;N. E. Sommer;B. Tucker;S. Uddin;T. Varga;P. Vielzeuf;F. Yuan;B. Zhang;T. Abbott;F. Abdalla;S. Allam;J. Annis;K. Bechtol;A. Benoit-Lévy;E. Bertin;D. Brooks;E. Buckley-Geer;D. Burke;M. Busha;D. Capozzi;J. Carretero;M. Crocce;C. D'Andrea;L. Costa;D. Depoy;S. Desai;H. Diehl;P. Doel;T. Eifler;J. Estrada;A. Evrard;E. Fernandez;B. Flaugher;P. Fosalba;J. Frieman;J. Garc'ia-Bellido;D. Gerdes;T. Giannantonio;D. Goldstein;R. Gruendl;G. Gutiérrez;K. Honscheid;D. James;M. Jarvis;T. Jeltema;M. Johnson;M. Johnson;D. Kirk;E. Krause;S. Kuhlmann;N. Kuropatkin;O. Lahav;T. Li;M. Lima;M. March;J. Marshall;Peter Melchior;F. Menanteau;R. Miquel;B. Nord;C. O’Neill;A. Plazas;A. Romer;M. Sako;E. Sánchez;B. Santiago;V. Scarpine;R. Schindler;M. Schubnell;M. Smith;R. C. Smith;M. Soares-Santos;F. Sobreira;E. Suchyta;M. Swanson;G. Tarlé;D. Thomas;D. Tucker;V. Vikram;A. Walker;J. Weller;W. Wester;R. Wolf;B. Yanny;J. Zuntz

Dark Energy Survey year 1 results: Cosmological constraints from galaxy clustering and weak lensing

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.98.043526
• 发表时间: 2017-08
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: T. Abbott;F. Abdalla;A. Alarcon;J. Aleksić;S. Allam;S. Allen;A. Amara;J. Annis;J. Asorey-J.-As