ROLE OF NMDA RECEPTORS IN ACUTE AND CHRONIC BEHAVIORAL ACTIONS OF OPIATES

这项研究的全球目的是探索兴奋性氨基酸系统在阿片类药物急性和慢性作用中的潜在作用。鸦片类药物，如吗啡，是非常有效的止痛药，因此是治疗严重或慢性疼痛的首选药物。这些药物也是广泛自我管理的，因此是重要的滥用药物。长期使用鸦片类药物治疗会导致三种众所周知的后果：耐受性，即长期使用药物的效果降低；敏化，即长期使用药物的效果增加，以至于没有药物会导致令人不快的戒断症状。这些现象在使用阿片类药物治疗疼痛和发展阿片成瘾两方面都很重要。最近的实验表明，一种兴奋性氨基酸受体，即N-甲基-D-天冬氨酸(NMDA)受体，可能在阿片类药物长期治疗的后果中发挥核心作用，包括耐受性、敏感化和身体依赖。此外，越来越多的证据表明，这种受体也可能参与阿片类药物的某些急性作用，包括镇痛和运动活动。然而，有必要进行进一步的研究，以更充分地了解NMDA受体在阿片剂急性和慢性影响中的作用。这项建议中概述的研究将检验NMDA受体药物改变大鼠的急性止痛剂和阿片类药物的急性运动效应的能力，以及长期服用阿片类药物的后果，包括耐受性、敏感化和身体依赖。如果NMDA受体确实参与了这些阿片剂诱导的行为，那么阻断NMDA受体的药物应该会改变吗啡和其他阿片剂的急性和慢性影响。这些研究的结果将具有重要的理论意义，有助于更好地理解参与鸦片类药物关键行为效应的神经递质系统。此外，通过阐明NMDA受体拮抗剂在治疗疼痛和阿片成瘾方面的潜在效用，这些结果可能具有临床意义。

The global aim of this research is to explore the potential role of excitatory amino acid systems in acute and chronic actions of opiates. Opiates, such as morphine, are very potent pain relievers and are therefore the drugs of choice for the treatment of severe or chronic pain. These drugs are also widely self-administered, and are therefore important drugs of abuse. Long-term treatment with opiates leads to three well-known consequences: tolerance, which is a decrease in the effect of a drug with chronic use; sensitization, which is an increase in the effect of a drug with chronic use, such that absence of the drug results in an unpleasant withdrawal symptom. These phenomena are important in both the use of opiates for the treatment of pain and in the development of opiate addiction. Recent experiments suggest that an excitatory amino acid receptor, known as the N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, may have a central role in the consequences of long-term treatment with opiates, including tolerance, sensitization and physical dependence. Additionally, there is increasing evidence that this receptor may also be involved in selected acute actions of opiates, including analgesia and locomoter activity. Further research is necessary, however, to more fully understand the role of NMDA receptors in acute and chronic effects of opiates. The studies outlined in this proposal will examine the ability of NMDA receptor drugs to alter the acute analgesic and the acute locomotor effects of opiates in rats, as well as the consequences of long- term opiate administration, including tolerance, sensitization and physical dependence. If NMDA receptors are indeed involved in these opiate- elicited behaviors, then drugs that block NMDA receptors should alter the acute and chronic effects of morphine and other opiates. The results of these studies will be of theoretical importance, toward a better understanding of the neurotransmitter systems involved in critical behavioral effects of opiates. Moreover, these results may be of clinical relevance by elucidating the potential utility of NMDA receptor antagonists in the treatment of pain and opiate addiction.