Behavioral Effects of Dissociatives in Adolescents: Comparison with Adults

青少年分离性行为的影响：与成人的比较

• 批准号: 8116458
• 负责人: KEITH A TRUJILLO
• 金额: $ 10.99万
• 依托单位: CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY SAN MARCOS
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2008
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2008-09-01 至 2013-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8116458
• 关键词: Acute; Adolescence; Adolescent; Adult; Affect; Age; Anesthetics; Animal Model; Antidepressive Agents; Ataxia; Attention; Behavioral; Chronic; Clinical; Clinical Research; Coughing; Dancing; Development; Dextromethorphan; Dose; Drug abuse; Drug usage; Glutamates; Goals; Human; Ketamine; Knowledge; Laboratories; Laboratory Animal Models; Laboratory Animals; Laboratory Rat; Lead; Life; Link; Major Depressive Disorder; Mental Depression; Mental disorders; Modeling; Pain; Pharmaceutical Preparations; Phencyclidine; Physiological; Plasma; Prevention; Psychotropic Drugs; Publishing; Rattus; Research; Role; Schizophrenia; Surveys; Syndrome; Teenagers; Time; Work; addiction; base; behavioral sensitization; club drug; drug of abuse; inhibitor/antagonist; interest; pre-clinical; response; stereotypy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The broad goal of this research is to better understand the behavioral effects of dissociatives, with a particular focus on their effects in adolescents. Dissociatives, including phencyclidine (PCP) and ketamine were originally developed as anesthetics, but are being increasingly used at subanesthetic doses for both clinical and non-clinical purposes. These drugs have been used in human clinical studies and preclinical animal models to better understand and treat two major psychiatric disorders, schizophrenia and major depression. In addition, evidence indicates that subanesthetic doses of dissociatives are useful in the treatment of pain. Dissociatives are also an important class of abused drugs, often classified as 'club drugs'. Dissociatives are of special interest and importance to adolescents. These drugs are often used by teens in dance club or "rave" settings. Survey research shows increased use of dissociatives by teens in recent years, as well as decreased age for initiation of use. This is true for both PCP and ketamine, as well as the over-the-counter cough suppressant, dextromethorphan. Despite all of this, no published research has systematically examined differences between adolescents and adults in the behavioral effects of dissociatives. The current project will compare the behavioral effects of dissociatives (including ketamine, PCP and dextromethorphan) in adolescent and adult laboratory rats. In addition to examining differences in the acute response to these drugs, the studies will also explore differences following repeated administration, and in particular, a phenomenon known as behavioral sensitization. Sensitization is an increase in an effect of a drug following repeated use, and is thought to be important to the development of addiction. The following specific aims will be examined: 1) to compare the acute behavioral effects of dissociatives in adolescent and adult rats; 2) to compare the development of sensitization to dissociatives in adolescent and adult rats; 3) to assess the role of glutamate release in the behavioral effects of dissociatives in adolescent and adult rats; and 4) to compare the plasma concentrations of dissociatives in adolescent and adult rats. Together, the research will lead to a better understanding of the effects of dissociatives in adolescents and adults, and may lead to better treatments for schizophrenia, depression, pain and drug abuse.

描述（由申请人提供）：本研究的总体目标是更好地理解解离的行为影响，特别关注它们对青少年的影响。解离剂，包括苯环利定（PCP）和氯胺酮最初是作为麻醉剂开发的，但越来越多地以亚麻醉剂量用于临床和非临床目的。这些药物已用于人类临床研究和临床前动物模型，以更好地了解和治疗精神分裂症和重度抑郁症这两种主要精神疾病。此外，有证据表明，亚麻醉剂量的解离剂对治疗疼痛是有用的。解离剂也是一类重要的滥用药物，通常被归类为“俱乐部毒品”。