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ALCOHOL, AGING AND DEMENTIA--NEUROPSYCHOLOGICAL EFFECTS

酒精、衰老和痴呆——神经心理影响

基本信息

批准号：
6168320
负责人：
JUDITH A SAXTON
金额：
$ 9.51万
依托单位：
UNIVERSITY OF PITTSBURGH AT PITTSBURGH
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
财政年份：
1996
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
1996-04-01 至 2002-03-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6168320
关键词：
Alzheimer's disease aging alcoholism /alcohol abuse brain disorder diagnosis clinical research cognition disorders dementia diagnosis design /evaluation disease /disorder classification human subject longitudinal human study mental health epidemiology neuropsychology pathologic process prognosis

项目摘要

Dementia is a term applied to many disorders that are characterized by a gradual decline in intellectual functioning exceeding the normal aging process. The diagnosis dementia does not imply any specific etiology, but applies to a number of disorders including Alzheimer's disease (AD) (the most frequent cause of dementia), Vascular dementia and Pick's disease. Long-term use of alcohol is also associated with deficits in intellectual functioning in a high percentage of elderly individuals. The term "Alcohol Dementia" has been used to describe this disorder which is clinically thought to be reversible, at least in part, if the individual remains abstinent. Alcohol Dementia has been dissociated from Korsakoff's syndrome which is considered to be a focal amnestic disorder rather than a dementia. Within the population of elderly individuals who are conjointly demented and have a history of alcohol abuse (but not Korsakoff's syndrome) it is clinically difficult to differentiate those individuals whose dementia is caused by AD from those whose dementia is caused by significant alcohol abuse. This difficulty has undoubtedly contributed to the lack of research on Alcohol Dementia. In fact, it is not clear that Alcohol Dementia exists as a separate entity that is clearly distinguishable from AD or Vascular dementia. Given the overlapping presence of AD, Vascular dementia and Alcohol Dementia in the elderly the likelihood of misdiagnosis is high. Being able to differentiate AD and Alcohol Dementia is not only of theoretical interest but clearly has major practical and public health significance as the prognosis for Alcohol Dementia is likely very different from that for Alzheimer's disease. A five-year cross-sectional and prospective study is proposed to validate the taxonomy of Alcohol Dementia, characterize the cognitive deficits associated with the disorder, differentiate the disorder from AD, and document the natural history. In the cross-sectional component of this FIRST proposal we will characterize and delineate the neuropsychological features which distinguish Alcohol Dementia from AD. In the longitudinal component the progression of cognitive deficits will be contrasted in abstinent and nonabstinent elderly alcoholics and individuals with AD. Comparisons between the alcoholic groups and the AD group, together with evaluation of cognitive changes over the two year follow-up will enable; 1) discrimination of alcoholics exhibiting Alcohol Dementia; 2) delineation of cognitive profiles associated with Alcoholic Dementia; and 3) investigation of the validity, specificity, etiology and natural history of the taxonomic category of Alcoholic Dementia and the long-term implication of abstinence on the disease process.

痴呆症是一个术语，适用于许多疾病，其特征是智力功能的逐渐衰退超过正常的衰老过程痴呆症的诊断并不意味着任何特定的病因，但适用于许多疾病，包括阿尔茨海默病（AD）（痴呆症的最常见原因），血管性痴呆症和皮克病。长期饮酒也与智力缺陷有关。在老年人中的比例很高。术语 "酒精性痴呆"被用来描述这种疾病，临床上认为是可逆的，至少部分，如果个人保持禁欲。酒精性痴呆与科萨科夫综合症综合征，被认为是一种局灶性遗忘症，而不是痴呆症在老年人中，有酒精滥用史（但没有科尔萨科夫综合征）临床上很难区分这些由AD引起痴呆的个体与由AD引起痴呆的个体相比，严重酗酒造成的这一困难无疑导致了对酒精性痴呆的研究不足。其实是不清楚酒精性痴呆作为一个独立的实体存在，与AD或血管性痴呆明显不同。鉴于老年性痴呆、血管性痴呆和酒精性痴呆的重叠存在老年人误诊的可能性很高。能够区分AD和酒精性痴呆不仅具有理论意义，但显然具有重大的实际和公共卫生意义，酒精性痴呆的预后可能与老年痴呆症建议进行一项为期五年的横断面和前瞻性研究，酒精性痴呆的分类，与疾病相关，将疾病与AD区分开来，以及记录自然历史。在这个横截面的组成部分，第一个建议，我们将描述和描绘神经心理学酒精性痴呆与AD的区别在纵向认知缺陷的进展将与戒酒和非戒酒的老年酗酒者和AD患者。酒精组和AD组之间的比较，以及评估两年随访期间的认知变化将能够; 1)对表现出酒精性痴呆的酗酒者的歧视; 2）描述与酒精性痴呆相关的认知特征;以及 3)调查的有效性，特异性，病因和自然酒精性痴呆分类学的历史和长期的禁欲对疾病进程的影响。