Antioxidants and oxidative damage in mitochondria

描述(由申请人提供) 这个项目的重点是小抗氧化剂分子的作用。 线粒体中硝化蛋白质的预防和/或修复。蛋白 硝化作用发生在暴露于一氧化氮的生物系统中。加法 硝基到酪氨酸残基的反应，产生3-硝基酪氨酸， 声称是翻译后修饰，信号转导的一部分 途径，或“正常”氧化应激的结果。在这项研究中， 调查人员将确定硝化的潜在机制 产生一氧化氮的线粒体中的蛋白质，鉴于它的重要作用 这些细胞器在维持细胞的三磷酸腺苷、β-氧化、血红素 综合等功能。这些研究的目的是了解 硝化作用引起的动力学和结构变化，以及如何自然地- 水果和蔬菜中存在的抗氧化剂可能会预防/逆转 这种效果。黄酮类、香豆素和儿茶素的抗氧化作用 将从羟基取代、环的共轭和邻位取代等方面进行研究。 羟基的甲基化以阐明结构之间的联系 和功能。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant) The focus of this project resides on the role of small antioxidant molecules on the prevention and/or repair of nitrated proteins in mitochondria. Protein nitration occurs in biological systems exposed to nitric oxide. The addition of a nitro group to a tyrosine residue, yielding 3-nitrotyorosine, has been claimed to be a post-translational modification, part of signal transduction pathways, or a result of "normal" oxidative stress. In this study, the investigators will characterize the mechanism underlying the nitration of proteins in nitric oxide-producing mitochondria, given the important role that these organelles have in the maintenance of cellular ATP, beta-oxidation, heme synthesis, and other functions. The studies will be aimed at understanding the kinetic and structural changes caused by nitration, and how naturally- occurring antioxidants present in fruits and vegetables may prevent/reverse this effect. The antioxidant effect of flavonoids, coumarins, and catechins will be studied in terms hydroxyl substitution, conjugation of rings, and o- methylation of hydroxyl groups to elucidate an association between structure and function.