DIETARY SURVEY INSTRUMENT DEVELOPMENT FOR AN ETHNIC MINO

在美国，饮食因素被认为是导致大约三分之一癌症的原因。 然而，流行病学研究的结果通常显示特定营养素与癌症之间存在适度的关联，比值比通常低于2.0。 这一现象可归因于研究人群饮食的同质性。 因此，美国人口的多样性为流行病学研究不同种族群体中癌症与饮食之间的关系提供了独特的机会。亚裔美国人是美国增长最快的族裔人口。 由于这一人群的乳腺癌、结直肠癌和前列腺癌的发病率较低，并且被认为有不同的饮食习惯，因此进行一项对比不同种族人群饮食和癌症患病率的研究将是有益的。 一个有效的，快速的饮食评估工具，包括东方食品项目将是至关重要的癌症和饮食的流行病学研究。 目前，针对美国普通人群的食物频率调查问卷可用。然而，它们不包括反映列入东方食物的食品。 越南人在日常消费中包括一些非常独特的菜肴。 因此，这将是建设性的特点，这一族群的饮食，同时确定其他食品项目列入未来的饮食评估工具，针对多元文化的美国人口。这项研究是对居住在新奥尔良大都市地区的越南裔美国人进行基于人口的调查。将从越南姓氏的电话列表中随机选择约300名研究受试者。 将通过电话访谈进行三次随机日24小时饮食召回。通过测量血清生物标志物评估的营养状况也将用于比较。 将对这些信息进行汇编，并专门为这一人群制定一份食物频率调查问卷。 这项新开发的问卷将对50%的研究对象进行管理，而另外50%的研究对象将接受在美国广泛使用的食物频率问卷。 将检查测试结果，以确定可用于多种族群体饮食和癌症流行病学研究的最佳问卷。 这项研究的结果可能会与同一地理区域主流人群正在进行的研究进行比较，以确定饮食中的癌症风险。

Dietary factors are suggested to be responsible for approximately one-third of cancers in the United States. However, results from epidemiological studies generally showed modest associations between specific nutrients and cancer, with odds ratio generally under 2.0. This phenomenon could be attributed to the homogeneity of the diet consumed by the study population. The diversity of the US population thus provides a unique opportunity for epidemiological study of the relationship between cancer and diet in various ethnic groups. Asian Americans constitute the fastest growing ethnic population in the United States. Since this population has lower rates of breast, colorectal, and prostate cancer and is thought to have distinct dietary practices, it would be informative to conduct a study contrasting the diet and cancer prevalence among various ethnic groups. A valid, rapid dietary assessment instrument that includes oriental food items will be crucial for epidemiological studies of cancer and diet. Food frequency questionnaires targeting the general US population are currently available. They, however, do not include food items that would reflect the inclusion of oriental foods. Vietnamese populations include some very unique dishes in their daily consumption. Therefore, it would be constructive to characterize the diet of this ethnic group while identifying other food items for inclusion in future dietary assessment instruments directed toward multicultural US population. This study is to conduct a population-based survey of the Vietnamese-Americans living in the metropolitan New Orleans area. Approximately 300 study subjects will be randomly selected from a telephone list of Vietnamese surnames. Three random-day 24-hour dietary recalls will be conducted through telephone interviews. Nutritional status assessed through the measurement of serum biomarkers will also be used for comparison. The information will be compiled and a food frequency questionnaire will be developed specifically for this population. This newly developed questionnaire will be administered to 50 percent of study subjects, while another 50 percent of the study subject will receive the food frequency questionnaire widely used in the general US. The test results will be examined to determine an optimal questionnaire that may be used in epidemiological studies of diet and cancer on multi-ethnic groups. The results of this study could potentially be compared to an on-going study of the mainstream population in the same geographic area to identify cancer risk in diet.