ANTIPSYCHOTIC DRUGS: SCIENCE, PRACTICE, AND CULTURE

候选人是一名精神病学家，其长期职业目标是探索临床实践的基本问题，特别是慢性精神病患者的护理，是如何由临床科学和社会文化因素形成的。 候选人的直接职业目标是成为能够采用各种卫生服务研究，统计和定性方法来回答直接政策，科学和临床重要性问题的独立研究人员。研究职业发展计划：为了实现这些职业目标，申请人提出了一个职业发展计划，其中包括：1）护理质量，统计学，定性方法和科学社会学的课程工作; 2）从1954年到1994年，对临床实践和抗精神病药物临床科学的定量和定性分析进行深入监督。研究项目描述：该研究将检查来自VA，州立和大学医院的患者记录，以及治疗结果文献，精神病学教科书，精神病学通讯和制药行业出版物。 融合定性和定量的方法，该项目的总体目标是了解临床科学通过抗精神病药物的历史检查告知临床决策的方式。 具体目标是：1.评估真实的世界临床实践，包括a）抗精神病药物使用模式;和B）医生对可治疗的精神疾病和有效结果的决定，这些决定是由文化和科学价值观和信仰形成的。2.从以下方面评估临床科学：a）其科学发展; B）其对研究人员的意义; c）其社会和文化价值。工作环境：拟议的培训和研究将在加州大学洛杉矶分校卫生服务研究中心进行，该中心是美国领先的卫生服务研究中心之一。 它还与兰德公司有密切的机构和研究联系。

The candidate is a psychiatrist-historian whose long-term career goal is to probe fundamental questions about how clinical practices-especially the care of the chronic mentally ill-are shaped by the clinical sciences and sociocultural factors. The candidate's immediate career goals are to become an independent researcher capable of employing a variety of health services research, statistical, and qualitative methods to answer questions of immediate policy, scientific, and clinical importance. Research career development plan: To accomplish these career goals, the applicant proposes a career development plan that involves: 1) course work in quality of care, statistics, qualitative methods, and the sociology of science; and 2) in- depth supervision in the quantitative and qualitative analysis of clinical practices and the clinical science of antipsychotic medications from 1954 to 1994. Description of research project: The research will examine patient records from a VA, state, and university based hospital, as well as treatment-outcome literature, psychiatric textbooks, psychiatric newsletters, and pharmaceutical industry publications. Melding qualitative and quantitative methods, the overall goal of the project is to understand the ways in which clinical science informs clinical decisions by way of a historical examination of antipsychotic drugs. The specific aims are: 1. Assess real world clinical practices in terms of a) patterns of antipsychotic drug use; and b) physicians' determinations of treatable psychiatric disease and effective outcome as shaped by cultural and scientific values and beliefs. 2. Assess clinical science in terms of a) its scientific evolution; b) its meaning to researchers; and c) its social and cultural values. Environment: The proposed training and research will take place at the UCLA Health Services Research Center, one of the country's leading centers for health services research. It also has close institutional and research affiliations with the Rand Corporation.