TOBACCO CRAVING AND DEPENDENCE IN 2 SUBTYPES OF SMOKERS

描述：(申请人摘要) 这项修订的研究项目的长期目标是检查 烟草渴求和依赖在恢复多物质方面的差异 吸烟者与没有其他依赖/滥用病史的吸烟者 朝着开发有效的戒烟疗法迈出的第一步 在这些健康受到多个因素协同影响的人群中 风险因素。具体目标包括：1)评估烟草渴望 2)两个亚型吸烟者之间的烟草依赖评估 吸烟者的亚型；3)尼古丁偏好差异的测定 群体之间的关系；最后，4)探索 渴求、药物依赖史和尼古丁自我给药。这个 最初提出的大型研究已被大幅修改；两项规模较小的研究 现在将进行研究，以解决审查员的关切。 以实验室为基础的评估将在最先进的人类中进行 行为药理学范式。每项评估都证明了 心理测量学上的健全。在研究一中，受试者完成了对烟草的渴望和 在禁烟和非禁烟条件下的依赖措施。 自我报告的合规性通过实验观察和验证 生化测量。在第二项研究中，受试者服用尼古丁 自我给药试验，该方案之前在 被剥夺了当前吸烟者的戒烟意图(休斯、斯特里克勒等 Al，1989)。这些数据将是第一批检验 实验室中不同类型吸烟者对烟草的渴求和依赖 布景。

DESCRIPTION: (Applicant's Abstract) The long term objective of this revised research project is to examine differences in tobacco craving and dependence in recovering polysubstance users versus smokers without a history of other dependence/abuse as a initial step towards developing effective treatments for smoking cessation in these populations whose health is synergistically compromised by multiple risk factors. Specific aims include: 1) assessment of tobacco craving among 2 subtypes of smokers; 2) assessment of tobacco dependence among 2 subtypes of smokers; 3) determination of differences in nicotine preference among groups; and finally, 4) exploration of the relationship between craving, history of drug dependence and nicotine self administration. The large study originally proposed has been substantially modified; two smaller studies will now be conducted to address the reviewers' concerns. Laboratory based assessments will be conducted in a state-of-the-art human behavioral pharmacology paradigm. Each assessment has demonstrated psychometric soundness. In study one, subjects complete tobacco craving and dependence measures under tobacco deprived and non-deprived conditions. Self-reported compliance is validated by experimenter observations and biochemical measurement. In study two, subjects undergo a nicotine selfadministration trial in a protocol that was previously validated in deprived current smokers with no intention to quit (Hughes, Strickler, et al, 1989). These data will be among the first to examine differences in tobacco craving and dependence among subtypes of smokers in a laboratory setting.