LEXICAL SEGMENTATION AND ACCESS IN APHASIA

失语症的词汇分割和访问

• 批准号: 6350557
• 负责人: DAVID W GOW
• 金额: $ 11.78万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-02-01 至 2003-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6350557
• 关键词: aphasia; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; comprehension; hearing tests; human subject; model design /development; psychoacoustics; psycholinguistics; psychological models; speech recognition

DESCRIPTION (Adapted from the Investigator's Abstract): The long-term goal of this project is to examine lexical segmentation in aphasia, and to use the resulting data to help understand how humans accomplish the difficult task of recognizing individual words in connected speech. The strategy behind the research is to identify patients with specific impairments in targeted aspects of language processing including lexical access, and the discrimination of putative acoustic-phonetic word boundary cues, and examine how they interpret speech sequences known as oronyms in which positing different word boundaries leads to recognizing different words (e.g., kidnap/kid nap). It will address four issues: (1) whether lexical segmentation is the results of a discrete process, or a byproduct of lexical access, (2) how the acoustic form of word onsets affects lexical segmentation, (3) what the timecourse of segmentation disambiguation is, and (4) what factors modulate interword competition in lexical access and/or segmentation. These issues will be examined through a series of offline discrimination tasks and online paradigms including cross-modal lexical priming and word monitoring that provide implicit measures of aphasic and unimpaired listeners' interpretation of oronyms. This research will provide both individual and group studies of lexical access and segmentation and their impairment. At present there are no published studies examining lexical segmentation in aphasia. As segmentation is one of the central problems of spoken word recognition in connected speech processing, this work addresses a critical gap in our understanding of aphasic disturbances of spoken language comprehension. In addition to characterizing the nature of segmentation processes in aphasia, this work will provide a new source of converging evidence to understand the organization of spoken word recognition processes in normal listeners. It is expected that the understanding gained will ultimately be useful to clinicians, therapists and theorists.

描述（改编自研究者摘要）：长期目标 这个项目的目的是检查失语症的词汇分割，并使用 由此产生的数据，以帮助了解人类如何完成困难的 在连接的语音中识别单个单词的任务。 战略 这项研究背后的目的是确定患有特定损伤的患者， 语言处理的目标方面，包括词汇的访问，和 辨别假定的声学语音词边界线索，并检查 他们如何解释被称为oronyms的语音序列， 不同的词边界导致识别不同的词（例如， 绑架/儿童小睡）。 它将解决四个问题：（1）词汇是否 分词是一个离散过程的结果，或者是词汇过程的副产品。 （2）词首的声学形式如何影响词汇 分段，（3）分段消歧的时间过程是什么，以及 (4)什么因素调节词汇通达中的词间竞争和/或 细分 这些问题将通过一系列离线审查， 辨别任务和在线范例，包括跨模态词汇 启动和文字监测，提供失语症的内隐措施， 未受影响的听众对oronyms的解释。 这项研究将提供 词汇通达和切分的个体和群体研究， 他们的损伤。 目前还没有发表的研究检查 失语症的词汇切分 由于分割是一个核心的 连接语音处理中的口语单词识别问题， 工作解决了我们对失语症障碍的理解中的一个关键空白 口语理解的能力。 除了描述自然之外 失语症的分割过程，这项工作将提供一个新的来源， 收集证据来理解口语的组织 正常听众的认知过程。 预计该 所获得的理解最终将对临床医生、治疗师和 理论家