Neural Dynamics of Spoken Word Recognition

口语单词识别的神经动力学

• 批准号: 8525379
• 负责人: DAVID W GOW
• 金额: $ 34.16万
• 依托单位: MASSACHUSETTS GENERAL HOSPITAL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-02-01 至 2015-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/8525379
• 关键词: Acoustics; Address; Affect; American; Aphasia; Area; Auditory; Basic Science; Behavioral; Brain; Brain Injuries; Brain region; Characteristics; Cochlear Implants; Cognitive Science; Data; Development; Discrimination; Disinhibition; Electroencephalography; Environment; Etiology; Feedback; Frequencies; Goals; Hearing Aids; Human; Image; Inferior; Inferior frontal gyrus; Joints; Language; Left; Legal; Linguistics; Literature; Magnetic Resonance Imaging; Maps; Measures; Medial; Multimodal Imaging; National Institute on Deafness and Other Communication Disorders; Nature; Neighborhoods; Neurocognitive; Neurologic; Output; Parietal Lobe; Patients; Pattern; Perception; Performance; Phonetics; Play; Probability; Process; Property; Recovery; Recovery of Function; Rehabilitation therapy; Research; Research Personnel; Resolution; Role; Semantics; Short-Term Memory; Signal Transduction; Speech; Speech Perception; Speech Sound; Speed; Stroke; Structure of supramarginal gyrus; Support System; Techniques; Telephone; Temporal Lobe; Testing; Time; Work; abstracting; aphasic; digital; experience; focal brain damage; hemisphere damage; improved; lexical; lexical processing; phonology; post stroke; relating to nervous system; semantic processing; spatiotemporal; speech processing; theories; tool

Project Summary/Abstract Research in the brain and cognitive sciences provides overwhelming evidence that even seemingly simple tasks like understanding spoken words rely on the interaction of a variety different types of information (e.g. auditory, phonetic, phonological, lexical, semantic etc.). These interactions are remarkable in that they appear to allow listeners, including many stroke patients with focal damage to brain regions that are responsible representing these types of information, to recognize spoken language, even when speech is unclear due to poor articulation, imperfect speech synthesis, noisy environments, or poor signal quality due to digital reduction or filtering (e.g. when experienced via cochlear implant, hearing aids, or a poor phone connection). There is still vigorous debate about the nature or necessity of many of these interactions due to intrinsic limitations in the interpretability of current behavioral and unimodal imaging paradigms. This proposal addresses these limitations by integrating MRI, MEG and EEG data to provide high spatiotemporal resolution images of evolving brain activation during speech perception tasks. These data will be submitted to Granger causality analysis, which allows researchers to directly examine patterns of cause and effect in the relationship between activation of different brain regions associated with the processing of specific types of information. Using these techniques, the proposed research examines the mechanisms that give rise to: (1) the discrete categorization of speech sounds (categorical perception), (2) frequency or phonotactic effects on the perception of speech sounds, (3) the influence of semantic context on speech perception. Having identified how localized functions interact to produce robust speech perception in unimpaired listeners, these tools will then be turned to examine how preserved processes are reorganized and integrated after unilateral focal brain damage in the 18 months following stroke, to allow the recovery of function in aphasic patients. These data address central, previously irresolvable questions about brain function, the robustness of human speech perception, and the mechanisms that support recovery in aphasic patients. As basic research, the work should have wide-reaching implications for the study, assessment, and rehabilitation of patients with focal damage.

项目总结/摘要 大脑和认知科学的研究提供了压倒性的证据， 像理解口语这样看似简单的任务， 各种不同类型的信息（例如，听觉的，语音的，语音的，词汇的， 语义等）。这些互动是值得注意的，因为它们似乎允许听众， 包括许多中风患者，他们的大脑区域有局灶性损伤， 表示这些类型的信息，以识别口语，即使当 由于发音不清晰、语音合成不完善、噪声 环境，或由于数字减少或滤波而导致的信号质量差（例如，当 通过人工耳蜗植入、助听器或不良电话连接体验）。有 关于许多这些相互作用的性质或必要性的争论仍然激烈， 当前行为和单峰成像的可解释性的内在局限性 范例该提案通过整合MRI、MEG和EEG解决了这些局限性 数据提供高时空分辨率的图像， 言语感知任务。这些数据将提交给格兰杰因果关系分析， 这使研究人员能够直接检查因果模式， 与处理相关的不同脑区的激活之间的关系 特定类型的信息。利用这些技术，拟议的研究 探讨了产生以下问题的机制：（1）言语的离散分类 声音（分类知觉），（2）频率或音位对知觉的影响 （3）语义语境对言语感知的影响。具有 确定了本地化功能如何相互作用，以产生强大的语音感知， 未受损的听众，这些工具将被用来检查如何保存 在18例单侧局灶性脑损伤后， 在中风后的几个月，让失语症患者的功能恢复。这些数据 解决中心，以前无法解决的问题，关于大脑功能，鲁棒性， 人类语言知觉，以及支持失语症恢复的机制 患者作为基础研究，这项工作应该对人类社会产生广泛的影响。 研究、评估和局部损伤患者的康复。

项目成果

The cortical organization of lexical knowledge: a dual lexicon model of spoken language processing.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2012.03.005
• 发表时间: 2012-06
• 期刊: BRAIN AND LANGUAGE
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Gow, David W., Jr.

Parallel versus serial processing dependencies in the perisylvian speech network: a Granger analysis of intracranial EEG data.

• DOI: 10.1016/j.bandl.2009.02.004
• 发表时间: 2009-07
• 期刊: BRAIN AND LANGUAGE
• 影响因子: 2.5
• 作者: Gow, David W., Jr.;Keller, Corey J.;Eskandar, Emad;Meng, Nate;Cash, Sydney S.
• 通讯作者: Cash, Sydney S.

New levels of language processing complexity and organization revealed by granger causation.

• DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2012.00506
• 发表时间: 2012
• 期刊: Frontiers in psychology
• 影响因子: 3.8
• 作者: Gow DW Jr;Caplan DN
• 通讯作者: Caplan DN