S CONE RESPONSES AND NEURAL PATHWAYS FOR ACCOMODATION

SCONE 反应和调节的神经通路

• 批准号: 6498297
• 负责人: FRANCES J RUCKER
• 金额: $ 10.03万
• 依托单位: STATE COLLEGE OF OPTOMETRY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-02-01 至 2004-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6498297
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; color visions; cone cell; eye accommodation; eye movements; human subject; light scattering; saccades; statistics /biometry; vision tests; visual fixation; visual pathways; visual perception; visual phototransduction; visual tracking

This K08 award will allow an experienced optometrist presently training in vision science to obtain the needed expertise in oculomotor systems, visual optics and neurophysiology to test important hypotheses regarding accommodation and the development of ametropias, in a challenging academic environment. The candidate's long-term career goals are to practice as an independent researcher in the fields of accommodation, eye movements, and visual processing. The immediate goal is to develop the skills to investigate the optical signals that specify ocular focus, the cone types that participate in the process, the visual mechanisms that might mediate the signals (Stiles-Crawford effect and fixation micro-saccades), and the neural pathways and transmit the signals. Essential skills include the ability to build, calibrate and maintain electro-optical systems for monitoring both fixational saccades and accommodation, to measure and alter the Stiles-Crawford function, and to produce computer-generated images that drive accommodation and isolate cone classes or visual pathways. The program will prepare the student to meet these goals through a series of graduate courses and seminars, a program of supervised laboratory experience, experience in presentation and discussion of research findings and teaching, and instruction in responsible conduct of research. A supervised research plan will examine several hypotheses related to these goals: 1. whether S-sensitive cones mediate the signals that drive accommodation; 2. whether L-, M- and S- cones drive accommodation by sensing the angle of incidence of light reaching the retina; 3. whether the dioptric vergence signal for accommodation is mediated by motion pathways for color and/or luminance; 4. whether a decentered Stiles-Crawford function for S-cones mediates a directional signal for accommodation, and 5. whether small fixational eye movements contribute to the signal for reflex accommodation.

这个K 08奖将允许一个经验丰富的验光师目前的培训 在视觉科学，以获得所需的专业知识，在眼科系统， 视觉光学和神经生理学，以测试重要的假设， 适应和屈光不正的发展，在一个具有挑战性的 学术环境。候选人的长期职业目标是 作为住宿领域的独立研究人员， 眼球运动和视觉处理。近期目标是发展 研究指定眼睛焦点的光学信号的技能， 参与这个过程的视锥细胞类型，视觉机制 可能介导信号（Stiles-Crawford效应和注视 微扫视）和神经通路并传输信号。 基本技能包括构建、校准和维护的能力 用于监视注视扫视和 调节，测量和改变Stiles-Crawford函数， 产生计算机生成的图像， 视锥类或视觉通路。该计划将准备学生， 通过一系列研究生课程和研讨会， 监督实验室经验计划，演示经验 以及研究成果和教学的讨论和指导 负责任地进行研究。一个监督研究计划将检查 与这些目标相关的几个假设：1。S敏感视锥细胞 调节驱动调节的信号; 2.无论L-、M-和S- 视锥细胞通过感知光的入射角来驱动调节 到达视网膜; 3.是否屈光聚散度信号 调节由颜色和/或亮度的运动路径介导; 4. S锥的偏心Stiles-Crawford函数是否介导了 用于住宿的方向信号，以及5.无论是小固定 眼球运动有助于反射调节的信号。