STRESS INDUCED INCREASES IN ALCOHOL EFFECTS

压力引起的酒精效应增加

• 批准号: 6371276
• 负责人: JOHN E MCGEARY
• 金额: $ 2.38万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-06-01 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6371276
• 关键词: alcoholic beverage consumption; alcoholism /alcohol abuse; behavioral /social science research tag; clinical research; corticosteroid inhibitor; cortisol; dopamine; emotions; euphoria; heart rate; hormone regulation /control mechanism; human subject; injury /disease stressor; metyrapone; psychological reinforcement

This application proposes three studies that investigate the role of the stress in mediating alcohol's positive reinforcement effects. Alcohol's positive reinforcement is partly provided by the mesolimbic dopamine system. Corticosteroids (cort), stress hormones released during conditions of stress and after alcohol use, have been shown to moderate dopamine activation. A blockade of cort synthesis leads to decreased self administration of alcohol and other drugs of abuse, perhaps by disrupting the positive reinforcement and subjective experience of euphoria. To test this hypothesis in humans, three studies are proposed: 1) Study 1, with 23 subjects per condition, will cross alcohol/placebo with shock/no shock to determine if cortisol release is additive and to establish its effects on self- reported euphoria; and, 2) Study 2 will use a blockade of cortisol by Metyrapone to investigate the role of HPA activation in response to alcohol, stress and their interaction.

本申请提出了三项研究，调查调解酒精的正强化效应的压力的作用。酒精的正强化部分是由中脑边缘多巴胺系统提供的。皮质类固醇（cort），在压力条件下和酒精使用后释放的应激激素，已被证明可以调节多巴胺的激活。皮质合成的阻断导致酒精和其他滥用药物的自我管理减少，可能是通过破坏积极的强化和欣快的主观体验。为了在人类中检验这一假设，提出了三项研究：1）研究1，每种条件23名受试者，将酒精/安慰剂与休克/无休克交叉，以确定皮质醇释放是否是累加的，并确定其对自我报告的欣快症的影响;和2）研究2将使用甲吡酮对皮质醇的阻断来研究HPA激活在响应酒精、压力及其相互作用中的作用。