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Strategies to improve nitrogen use in forage crops

提高饲料作物氮肥利用率的策略

基本信息

批准号：
1654587
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of East Anglia
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2015
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2015 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1654587
关键词：
Strategies improve nitrogen use forage

项目摘要

Nitrogen (N) use efficiency is a major issue for agriculture across the world. We now have many molecular tools to address this important topic in new ways. Grass and legume forage crops are harvested when the leaf canopy is fully established and the dried material is an important protein source for animal feed. The challenge for the growers of forage crops is to maintain the protein production with decreased fertilizer inputs to meet new legislation requirements. Crop protein content depends on the plant receiving sufficient N until harvest. Leaf N is stored as vegetative storage protein a specialised type of cell vacuole. Excess N can also be stored as nitrate in the vacuole. In forage crops these N storage forms are important for both N use efficiency and the final feed value of the dried product. This research will investigate ways to optimise N fertilizer use and protein production in forage crops.Work with model plants has identified some marker genes for vegetative storage proteins, vacuole type and the crop N status that will be tested in these forage crops. These molecular markers will be tested in field samples collected under a range of different environments and management practices. The field sampling regimes can also include the screening of some natural compounds that can be applied to alter plant N storage pools. There is also an opportunity to use a new type of soil N sensor in these field experiments to check the influence of supply on N storage pools.

氮素利用效率是全世界农业面临的一个重要问题。我们现在有许多分子工具以新的方式解决这一重要课题。草和豆类饲料作物在叶冠完全建立时收获，干燥的材料是动物饲料的重要蛋白质来源。饲料作物种植者面临的挑战是在减少肥料投入的情况下保持蛋白质产量，以满足新的立法要求。作物蛋白质含量取决于作物在收获前接受足够的氮。叶片中的氮以营养贮藏蛋白质的形式储存，营养贮藏蛋白质是一种特殊类型的细胞液泡.过量的氮也可以硝酸盐的形式储存在液泡中。在饲料作物中，这些氮储存形式对氮利用效率和干燥产品的最终饲料价值都很重要。这项研究将探讨如何优化饲料作物的氮肥使用和蛋白质生产。通过对模式植物的研究，已经确定了一些营养贮藏蛋白、液泡类型和作物氮素状况的标记基因，这些标记基因将在这些饲料作物中进行测试。这些分子标记将在一系列不同环境和管理做法下收集的实地样本中进行测试。田间取样制度还可以包括筛选一些天然化合物，这些化合物可以用于改变植物N储存库。也有机会使用一种新型的土壤氮传感器在这些田间试验，以检查供应对氮储存库的影响。