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Modelling and Optimisation of Arrays of Novel Bio-Mimetic Energy Harvesters. Energy: Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics

新型仿生能量采集器阵列的建模和优化。

基本信息

批准号：
1738460
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Warwick
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1738460
关键词：
Modelling Optimisation Arrays Novel Bio

项目摘要

Research Areas: Energy: Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics.Energy harvesting is a promising technology for converting environmental energy to electricity. To make harvesters widespread, it is crucial to increase their efficiency. The room for improvement lays first, in getting maximum mechanical energy from the environment and second, in the efficient conversion of mechanical energy to electricity. This project for the first time suggests using a bio mimetic harvester imitating an aspen leaf as a way of harnessing the wind energy. The device in question is a fluttering plate which utilises coupling between translational and rotational degrees of freedom to undergo high amplitude oscillations, even when the wind speed is low. To generate electric energy from this movement, piezoceramic actuators are used. The main problem with piezoceramic generation is that individual devices produce a low voltage, alternating current output, meaning that nearly all of the energy from such devices is lost on conversion to useful dc current, losses are due to a voltage drop across diodes in the rectifier. The above makes real world application of the harvesters challenging. To resolve the problem, harvester arrays will be deployed, in which the leaves will be designed to move synchronously, increasing the voltage output, and therefore making the inherently lossy conversion process much more efficient thus opening up the possibility of making a practical device for this form of energy harvesting. Applications for such technology are widespread from military facilities to domestic gas flow meters. Despite extensive activity in the area of Energy Harvesting over the past several years, most studies concentrate on trial-and-error testing of certain configurations with little attention paid to thorough academic investigation of the systems behaviour. The aspen leaf type plate displays dynamic behaviour resembling the one known as the aeroelastic flutter of aircraft wing. Adaptation of existing knowledge to optimisation of the harvester will be the first step towards construction of an effective device. Overall, the programme aims at development of arrays of bio mimetic fluid elastic energy harvesters resembling a trembling aspen leaf. The proposed study is an early stage project of high academic significance. The research objectives are as follows. a. Experimentally study oscillations of an individual aspen leaf type flutter under various flow conditions and construct the corresponding mathematical model in the spirit of dynamical systems. Design a nonlinear harvester with a stable amplitude or frequency response over a broad range of ambient wind conditions. b. Connect individual harvesters into arrays and investigate both hydrodynamic and structural interaction between the elements in order to optimise the systems performance. The achieved degree of harvester synchronisation in an array will be related to needs and efficiency of piezoceramics based electricity generation.c. Validate developed models by wind tunnel tests when the system is exposed to both steady flow and grid turbulence. d. Results of the proposed experimental and modelling programme will be published to provide a basis for an EPSRC grant application. Simultaneously, commercial feasibility of deployment of harvesting arrays will be comprehensively considered.Select the research outcome from the themes: 1 - Energy 2 - Fluid Dynamics and Aerodynamics

研究领域：能量：流体动力学和空气动力学。能量收集是一种将环境能量转化为电能的有前途的技术。为了使收割机广泛使用，提高其效率至关重要。改进的空间首先在于从环境中获得最大的机械能，其次是将机械能有效地转化为电能。该项目首次提出使用模仿白杨叶的仿生收割机作为利用风能的一种方式。所讨论的装置是一个颤振板，其利用平移和旋转自由度之间的耦合来进行高振幅振荡，即使在风速较低时。为了从这种运动中产生电能，使用压电陶瓷致动器。压电陶瓷发电的主要问题是，单个设备产生低电压，交流输出，这意味着几乎所有的能量从这样的设备转换为有用的直流电流损失，损失是由于整流器中的二极管两端的电压降。上述情况使得收割机在真实的世界中的应用具有挑战性。为了解决这个问题，将部署收集器阵列，其中叶片将被设计为同步移动，增加电压输出，从而使固有的有损转换过程更加有效，从而为这种形式的能量收集提供了制造实用设备的可能性。这种技术的应用广泛，从军事设施到家用气体流量计。尽管在过去的几年中，在能量收集领域的广泛活动，大多数研究集中在某些配置的试错测试，很少注意到系统行为的彻底的学术调查。白杨叶型板的动态特性类似于机翼的气动弹性颤振。将现有知识用于优化收割机将是构建有效设备的第一步。总体而言，该计划旨在开发仿生流体弹性能量采集器阵列，类似于颤抖的白杨叶。本研究是一项具有重要学术意义的早期项目。研究目标如下。a.实验研究了单个白杨叶型颤振在不同流动条件下的振荡，并根据动力系统的思想建立了相应的数学模型。设计一种非线性采集器，在广泛的环境风况下具有稳定的振幅或频率响应。B.将单个收割机连接成阵列，并研究元件之间的流体动力学和结构相互作用，以优化系统性能。阵列中采集器同步的实现程度将与基于压电陶瓷的发电的需求和效率相关。通过风洞试验，当系统暴露于定常流和网格湍流时，重新开发模型。D.拟议的实验和模拟方案的结果将公布，为EPSRC赠款申请提供依据。同时，将综合考虑收获阵列部署的商业可行性。从以下主题中选择研究成果：1 -能量2 -流体动力学和空气动力学