ADVANCED OPTICAL IMAGE PROBE FOR NEUROPHYSIOLOGY

用于神经生理学的先进光学图像探头

• 批准号: 6263268
• 负责人: DAVID M RECTOR
• 金额: $ 40.98万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF CALIF-LOS ALAMOS NAT LAB
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-07-01 至 2002-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6263268
• 关键词: bioengineering /biomedical engineering; bioimaging /biomedical imaging; biomedical equipment development; brain imaging /visualization /scanning; brain metabolism; charge coupled device camera; computational neuroscience; computer system design /evaluation; fluorescence spectrometry; laboratory rat; light scattering; monitoring device; nephelometry; neural information processing; optical polarization; optics

A number of recent studies suggest that cognitive processes rely on spatial and temporal patterns of activity in extended neural networks. Optical imaging techniques can provide information on a microscopic level about the individual and collective behavior of cells involved in these processes. We propose to develop an advanced image probe and digital acquisition system designed for high performance functional neural imaging using intrinsic light scattering signals. The first goal of the project is to improve the image probe design for high sensitivity to small and rapid changes in light scattering. Two methods of reflectance mode illumination will be explored for fluorescence and polarized light measurements. The system will incorporate an electronically tunable filter to illuminate tissue with specific wavelengths for spectroscopic measurements, and an intensified detector for dynamic fluorescence measurements. The second goal is to implement hardware and software improvements to the data acquisition system. Application performance requirements and the need to integrate of a number of data modalities require that we develop custom data acquisition hardware; the proposed system will control CCD camera circuitry, and capture, process and archive 2000 frames per second, with 256 channels of concurrent electrophysiological data. We will integrate this hardware into inexpensive, multiple processor. Pentium computer systems, designed for distributing tasks across multiple processors. The third goal for the project is to apply the device to investigate the nature and origin of light scattering changes associated with neural activation. Our preliminary studies in the hippocampus and medulla have demonstrated several different optical changes associated with neural activation, including fast light scattering changes concurrent with neural swelling and electrical transmission, and slower changes in light absorbance associated with hemodynamic coupling to metabolic demand. We will examine the spectral nature of the optical signals, characterize the timing of at least four components that we have identified, and employ physical and physiological manipulations to identify and characterize underlying mechanisms.

最近的一些研究表明，认知过程依赖于扩展神经网络中的空间和时间活动模式。 光学成像技术可以在微观水平上提供有关参与这些过程的细胞的个体和集体行为的信息。 我们建议开发一种先进的图像探头和数字采集系统，设计用于高性能的功能性神经成像，使用内在的光散射信号。 该项目的第一个目标是改进图像探头设计，使其对光散射的微小和快速变化具有高灵敏度。 两种方法的反射模式照明将探讨荧光和偏振光测量。 该系统将包括一个电子可调滤波器，以特定波长照射组织进行光谱测量，以及一个用于动态荧光测量的强化检测器。 第二个目标是对数据采集系统进行硬件和软件改进。 应用程序的性能要求和需要集成的一些数据模态要求我们开发定制的数据采集硬件，拟议的系统将控制CCD摄像机电路，并捕获，处理和存档2000帧每秒，256通道的并发电生理数据。 我们将把这种硬件集成到廉价的多处理器中。 奔腾计算机系统，设计用于在多个处理器上分配任务。 该项目的第三个目标是应用该设备来研究与神经激活相关的光散射变化的性质和起源。 我们在海马和髓质的初步研究已经证明了与神经激活相关的几种不同的光学变化，包括与神经肿胀和电传输同时发生的快速光散射变化，以及与血液动力学耦合到代谢需求相关的光吸收的较慢变化。 我们将研究光信号的光谱性质，表征我们已经确定的至少四个组件的时序，并采用物理和生理操作来识别和表征潜在的机制。