Cognitive Processes in Bilinguals

描述（由申请人提供）：拟议研究的总体目标 是以双语为载体来阐明基本的认知 作为记忆和语言之间接口的过程。具体 目标是研究调节竞争的因素， 双语者的两种语言在语言理解过程中是活跃的， 生产一个双语者如何读和说一种语言的单词， 另一种语言中的单词是否可用并处于活动状态？计划中的研究包括 三个目标。一是确定产生跨语言的条件 竞争每个实验都涉及到理解或产生 的话，L2，或在混合条件下，其中两种语言是 直接相互竞争。拟议实验的第二个目的是 是为了确定在每种语言中调节词汇激活的因素。 如果一个双语者的两种语言在某种程度上总是活跃的， 对于理解由此产生的竞争如何解决变得至关重要， 允许选择目标语言中的单个单词。第三个目标是 更全面地理解参与翻译的组件过程。 拟议研究的目标是使用一系列融合的方法， 回答这些问题，并获得证据，最终将限制一个 双语词典的统一模式。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): The general goal of the proposed research is to use the bilingual as a vehicle to illuminate the basic cognitive processes that serve as the interface between memory and language. The specific goal is to examine the factors that modulate the competition that arises when the bilingual's two languages are active during language comprehension and production. How does a bilingual read and speak words in one language when words in the other language are available and active? The planned studies have three aims. One is to identify the conditions that give rise to cross-language competition. Each of the experiments involves the comprehension or production of words in Li, L2, or under mixed conditions in which the two languages are directly competing with one another. A second aim of the proposed experiments is to identify the factors that modulate lexical activation in each language. If a bilingual's two languages are always active to some degree, then it becomes critical to understand how the resulting competition is resolved to allow selection of a single word in the target language. A third goal is to understand more fully the component processes that are engaged in translation. The goal of the proposed research is to use a range of converging approaches to answer these questions and to obtain evidence that will eventually constrain a unified model of the bilingual lexicon.