Manipulating hippocampal CA3 attractor dynamics with targeted 2 photon ("P) activation in vivo)
通过体内目标 2 光子 (“P” 激活) 操纵海马 CA3 吸引子动力学
基本信息
- 批准号:1765000
- 负责人:
- 金额:--
- 依托单位:
- 依托单位国家:英国
- 项目类别:Studentship
- 财政年份:2016
- 资助国家:英国
- 起止时间:2016 至 无数据
- 项目状态:已结题
- 来源:
- 关键词:
项目摘要
One key goal of neuroscience is to understand the relationship between neuronal activity, behaviour and cognition. Traditionally, this aim has been pursued using electrical recordings from neurons and relating action potentials (spikes) to brain states or behavior. Such single-neuron approaches facilitated the physiological neuron doctrine, which posits that individual neuronsare the nervous system's unit of function1. However, individual neurons cooperate to form larger functional structures, and this feature cannot be captured within a single neuron framework.Most neural circuits in the mammalian brain have distributed connectivity, whereby each neuron receives inputs from many others and outputs to a large population. Therefore,the contribution of an individual1neuron is overshadowed, as function is an emergent property of collective neural activity . The notion that neural circuits are built for an emergent function is not novel. Donald Hebb embraced the idea and proposed that information propagates by sequentially 'Hebbian assemblies' 2activating groups of neurons, or cell .These neuronal ensembles display synaptic plasticity when they fire simultaneously (Hebbian rule), enabling groups of coactive neurons to functionally bind together (Hebbian ensemble2)Hebb and other theorists ultimately created the concept of a 'neural network'. A term synonymous with models of distributed neural circuits in which neurons are abstracted to nodes and associated by changing connections based on learning rules such as spike timing dependent plasticity (STDP). Recurrent network models can have dynamical trajectories such that conceptually, theirthree-dimensional energy landscape can contain numerous low energy stable points, which 'attract' the activity of the circuit as it evolves in time. These networks may serve associative memory, given their propensity to move towards lower energy states enables pattern completion, i.e. the internal dynamics of the system can 'complete' a spatiotemporal pattern of activity when provided with partial input3,4. As an emergent network property, attractor dynamics cannot be captured within the single neuron doctrine.Hippocampal CA3 anatomy with its extensive recurrent connectivity,is consistent with its role as an associative memory matrix. However,despite extensive theoretical support for a role of CA3in memory recall and pattern completion,5,6,7,8 experimental testing of CA3 network properties remain relatively unexplored. Wills et al. (2005) were among the first to demonstrate thatthe hippocampal network falls into an attractor like state, representing one previously environments 9or the other learned .Parametric changesmade to the geometry of the animals' environment as it was morphed between two familiar configurations, did not affect place cell activity until a threshold was reached, after which the entire network moved state (remapped), to represent the alternative configuration.9,10 However, to fully support this interpretation, causal evidence is required to directly probe whether hippocampal attractors exist. Experimentally linking neural microcircuit function to emergent properties requires fine-scale manipulation and measurement of neural activity during behavior, where each neuron's coding and dynamics can be characterized.
神经科学的一个关键目标是理解神经元活动、行为和认知之间的关系。传统上,这一目标是通过神经元的电记录和将动作电位(尖峰)与大脑状态或行为联系起来来实现的。这种单一神经元的方法促进了生理神经元学说,该学说假定单个神经元是神经系统的功能单位。然而,单个神经元合作形成更大的功能结构,这种特征不能在单个神经元框架内捕获。哺乳动物大脑中的大多数神经回路都具有分布式连接,即每个神经元接收来自许多其他神经元的输入,并向大量群体输出。因此,单个神经元的贡献被掩盖了,因为功能是集体神经活动的紧急属性。神经回路是为紧急功能而构建的这一概念并不新奇。唐纳德·赫布(Donald Hebb)接受了这一观点,并提出信息通过顺序的“赫布集会”(Hebbian assemblies)传播,即激活神经元群或细胞群。当这些神经元集合同时放电时,它们表现出突触可塑性(Hebbian规则),使协同神经元群能够在功能上结合在一起(Hebbian规则2)Hebb和其他理论家最终创造了“神经网络”的概念。一个与分布式神经回路模型同意的术语,其中神经元被抽象为节点,并根据学习规则(如spike timing dependent plasticity, STDP)通过改变连接进行关联。循环网络模型可以有动态轨迹,从概念上讲,它们的三维能量景观可以包含许多低能量稳定点,随着时间的推移,这些点会“吸引”电路的活动。这些网络可能服务于联想记忆,因为它们倾向于向低能量状态移动,从而实现模式完成,也就是说,当提供部分输入时,系统的内部动态可以“完成”时空活动模式3,4。作为一种新兴的网络特性,吸引子动力学不能在单神经元学说中被捕获。海马CA3解剖结构具有广泛的循环连接,与其作为联想记忆基质的作用是一致的。然而,尽管广泛的理论支持CA3在记忆回忆和模式完成中的作用,但对CA3网络特性的实验测试仍然相对未被探索。威尔斯等人(2005)是第一批证明海马体网络进入吸引子状态的人之一,代表一个先前的环境或另一个学习环境。当动物环境的几何形状在两种熟悉的结构之间变化时,参数变化不会影响位置细胞的活动,直到达到一个阈值,之后整个网络移动状态(重新映射),以表示另一种配置然而,为了完全支持这一解释,需要因果证据来直接探测海马吸引子是否存在。通过实验将神经微电路功能与紧急特性联系起来,需要在行为过程中对神经活动进行精细操作和测量,其中每个神经元的编码和动态可以表征。
项目成果
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其他文献
吉治仁志 他: "トランスジェニックマウスによるTIMP-1の線維化促進機序"最新医学. 55. 1781-1787 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等:“转基因小鼠中 TIMP-1 的促纤维化机制”现代医学 55. 1781-1787 (2000)。
- DOI:
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LiDAR Implementations for Autonomous Vehicle Applications
- DOI:
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2021 - 期刊:
- 影响因子:0
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吉治仁志 他: "イラスト医学&サイエンスシリーズ血管の分子医学"羊土社(渋谷正史編). 125 (2000)
Hitoshi Yoshiji 等人:“血管医学与科学系列分子医学图解”Yodosha(涉谷正志编辑)125(2000)。
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Effect of manidipine hydrochloride,a calcium antagonist,on isoproterenol-induced left ventricular hypertrophy: "Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,K.,Teragaki,M.,Iwao,H.and Yoshikawa,J." Jpn Circ J. 62(1). 47-52 (1998)
钙拮抗剂盐酸马尼地平对异丙肾上腺素引起的左心室肥厚的影响:“Yoshiyama,M.,Takeuchi,K.,Kim,S.,Hanatani,A.,Omura,T.,Toda,I.,Akioka,
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