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Unlocking intercellular channels from cell wall biology to biophysics

从细胞壁生物学到生物物理学解锁细胞间通道

基本信息

批准号：
1774765
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Leeds
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2016
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2016 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1774765
关键词：
Unlocking intercellular channels cell wall

项目摘要

BackgroundPlasmodesmata (PD) are the only intercellular channels linking the interiors of plant cells. PD allow cell-to-cell diffusion of small molecular weight factors such as hormones but are also regulated to control the movement of transcription factors and nucleic acids that are central to developmental events. PD extends across adjacent primary cell walls which offer physical constrictions on channel aperture by means of the cell wall glycan callose. ObjectivesThis proposal aim to dissect the structures and functions of architectural components of cell walls around PD.We will investigate how the cell wall glycan callose at the neck of PD is both integrated with the surrounding cell wall molecular architectures involving pectins, xyloglucans and cellulose microfibrils and also how modulations of callose levels (known to impact on PD transport) are orchestrated with the surrounding cell wall glycans to control PD mechanical properties. Novelty and TimelinessThe project will identify novel cell wall components that contribute to PD regulation (together with callose). This knowledge will contribute to our understanding of the role of cell walls in regulating intercellular communication and signalling and highlight new targets that, in the long term, could be used to manipulate the transport of mobile proteins and RNAs opening applications in agriculture and crop development. Another aspect of the work will identify interactions between cell wall glycans that contribute to PD formation and function and that can also be involved in regulating the mechanical properties of these channels. Knowledge on interactions between cell wall glycans can be further exploited in the improvement or new development of biomimetic composites using cell wall polymers as raw materialsExperimental approaches:-Immunolocalization-Transport assays- ELISA and epitope detection chromatography or EDC- Mechanical testing in plant cell walls

胞间连丝（plasmodesmata， PD）是唯一连接植物细胞内部的细胞间通道。PD允许小分子量因子（如激素）在细胞间扩散，但也被调节以控制转录因子和核酸的运动，这些转录因子和核酸是发育事件的核心。PD通过细胞壁聚糖胼胝质扩展到相邻的原代细胞壁上，使通道孔径产生物理收缩。目的探讨PD周围细胞壁结构组分的结构和功能。我们将研究PD颈部的细胞壁聚糖胼胝质如何与周围的细胞壁分子结构（包括果胶、木葡聚糖和纤维素微原纤维）相结合，以及胼胝质水平的调节（已知会影响PD的运输）如何与周围细胞壁聚糖协调以控制PD的机械性能。新颖性和及时性：该项目将确定有助于PD调节的新型细胞壁成分（包括胼胝质）。这些知识将有助于我们理解细胞壁在调节细胞间通讯和信号传导中的作用，并突出新的靶点，从长远来看，这些靶点可用于操纵移动蛋白和rna的运输，从而在农业和作物开发中打开应用。这项工作的另一个方面将确定细胞壁聚糖之间的相互作用，这些聚糖有助于PD的形成和功能，也可能参与调节这些通道的机械特性。细胞壁聚糖之间相互作用的知识可以进一步用于以细胞壁聚合物为原料的仿生复合材料的改进或新开发。实验方法：-免疫定位-运输测定- ELISA和表位检测色谱或EDC-植物细胞壁的机械测试