BIOLOGICAL BASES OF ALCOHOLISM

酗酒的生物学基础

• 批准号: 6136982
• 负责人: CHRISTOPHER L CUNNINGHAM
• 金额: $ 17.71万
• 依托单位: OREGON HEALTH & SCIENCE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1987
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1987-09-30 至 2002-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6136982
• 关键词: BIOLOGICAL; BASES; ALCOHOLISM

DESCRIPTION: This program for Ph.D. and postdoctoral students will train specialists who will be able to conduct preclinical research at levels ranging from the molecular to the behavioral on biological mechanisms underlying the development, maintenance, and elimination of alcoholism. Twenty members of the graduate faculty of the Oregon Health Sciences University will train postdoctoral research fellows and graduate students matriculating into programs in Behavioral Neuroscience or Neuroscience. Training will include firm curricular grounding in the basic sciences, specific training in the pharmacology of alcohol and other abused drugs, exposure to clinical and psychosocial aspects of human alcoholism, and extensive and continuous participation in basic research. The focus of our training opportunities is on biological processes involved in the etiology of problem drinking and alcoholism. Our general approach is interdisciplinary, emphasizing genetic, molecular, physiological, pharmacological and psychological/ behavioral processes. The research questions addressed by trainees fall into four general areas: (a) genetic bases for alcohol and drug responses, (b) learned and unlearned determinants of alcohol and drug reward, biological bases for self-administration of alcohol and drugs, and (d) stress and the biology of alcoholism and drug abuse. These areas reflect the research interests and expertise of a participating faculty using behavioral, systems-level, and cellular/molecular methods. Their shared biobehavioral perspective is consistent with growing evidence indicating that many forms of human alcoholism are best understood in terms of an interaction between genetic and environmental factors. Areas of faculty collaboration include: studies of genetic determinants of alcohol and drug responses; neuroendocrine and neuroactive steroid participation in alcohol's effects; studies of dopaminergic, gabaergic and glutaminergic systems involved in alcohol and drug effects; study of learned and unlearned determinants of responses to alcohol and other drugs, particularly their rewarding effects and self-administration; and studies of sensitivity, tolerance, and dependence/withdrawal phenomena for alcohol and all major classes of drugs of abuse.

描述：该项目面向博士和博士后学生，将培养能够在酒精中毒发生、维持和消除的生物学机制基础上进行从分子到行为水平的临床前研究的专家。俄勒冈健康科学大学研究生院的20名成员将培训进入行为神经科学或神经科学项目的博士后研究员和研究生。培训将包括坚实的基础科学课程基础、酒精和其他滥用药物药理学方面的具体培训、接触人类酗酒的临床和社会心理方面以及广泛和持续地参与基础研究。我们培训机会的重点是涉及问题饮酒和酒精中毒病因的生物学过程。我们的一般方法是跨学科的，强调遗传，分子，生理，药理学和心理/行为过程。受训人员处理的研究问题一般分为四个领域：(a)酒精和药物反应的遗传基础；(b)酒精和药物奖励的习得和非习得决定因素；酒精和药物自我管理的生物学基础；(d)酒精中毒和药物滥用的压力和生物学。这些领域反映了参与教师使用行为，系统级和细胞/分子方法的研究兴趣和专业知识。他们共同的生物行为观点与越来越多的证据一致，这些证据表明，从遗传和环境因素之间的相互作用的角度来看，许多形式的人类酗酒是最好的理解。教员合作的领域包括：酒精和药物反应的遗传决定因素研究；神经内分泌和神经活性类固醇参与酒精的影响；多巴胺能、gabaerg能和谷氨酰胺能系统在酒精和药物作用中的研究；对酒精和其他药物反应的习得和非习得决定因素的研究，特别是它们的奖励作用和自我给药；以及对酒精和所有主要滥用药物的敏感性、耐受性和依赖/戒断现象的研究。