PREDICTORS OF AMBULATORY CARDIAC ACTIVITY OF AFRICAN AMERICANS

非裔美国人动态心脏活动的预测因素

• 批准号: 6453022
• 负责人: JULES P HARRELL
• 金额: $ 13.19万
• 依托单位: HOWARD UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2001
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2001-05-01 至 2001-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6453022
• 关键词: African American; adult human (21+); angers; autonomic nervous system; behavioral /social science research tag; blood flow measurement; blood pressure; cardiovascular function; clinical research; conflict; culture; field study; functional ability; heart contraction; heart rate; human subject; intracardiac volume; neurologic manifestations; personality; personality tests; physiologic stressor; prejudice; psychobiology; psychological stressor; psychometrics; questionnaires

Epidemiological evidence suggests that the social environments of African Americans are rife with psychological stressors and challenging situations. Day to day encounters with life stressors lead to virtually countless physiological changes and sequelae. These physiological consequences may have inherent clinical significance, as in the cases of blood pressure changes, or they may provide insight into the status of an individual's psychological neurological state. Thanks to continuing breakthroughs, researchers have the capacity to measure an expanding panoply of physiological responses both in the laboratory and in the field. In addition, the cardiac systolic time interval, pre-ejection period (PEP), and the variability of heart rate reflected in the respiratory sinus arrythmia (RSA), appear to provide indices of sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system input to the heart respectively. Researchers can assess both quite readily, in a non-invasive fashion. Here we propose two studies effects of stress and daily life events on cardiac activity in African American samples. The cardiac measures are not taken as indicators of disease, rather they are used to derive indices of underlying changes in autonomic nervous system activity. We will employ personality measures of hostility, cultural orientation and mood as predictors of cardiac activity while individuals carry out daily life functions. College students will serve as participants in the first investigation. Staff and faculty members at Howard University will constitute the principal source of data for the second. In addition to measures of PEP and RSA, impedance cardiographic measures of cardiac output, contractile force, stroke volume and left ventricular ejection time will constitute the primary dependent measures. Initially these will be obtained in the laboratory as participants encounter a battery of psychological tests of cardiac reactivity. These tests include rotary pursuit, visual search, and viewing and imaging socially noxious situations. Subsequently, impedance measures will be obtained during a 8- hour field assessment. In this phase, of the studies, participants will report moods and activities periodically. The studies will test the utility of a hierarchical regression model where personality variables including moderated measures of hostility, mood, cultural orientation, along with laboratory reactivity scores serves as predictors of cardiac activity recorded under ambulatory conditions. These studies are designed to clarify complex relationships between personality and laboratory cardiac reactivity, and the cardiac status of individuals engaged in daily activities. Thus they will contribute to our ability to forecast which individuals in this population are most vulnerable to the ravages of stressful environments.

流行病学证据表明非洲的社会环境 美国人充满了心理压力和挑战 情况。日常与生活压力源相遇几乎导致 无数的生理变化和后遗症。这些生理 后果可能具有固有的临床意义，例如 血压改变，或者它们可能会深入了解 个人的心理神经系统。多亏了继续 突破，研究人员有能力衡量扩展 在实验室和 场地。此外，心脏收缩期时间间隔，预选前 时期（PEP），心率的变化反映在 呼吸鼻窦雅林（RSA）似乎提供了指数 交感神经和副交感神经系统输入心脏 分别。研究人员可以很容易地评估这两者，在非侵入性中 时尚。在这里，我们提出了两个研究压力和日常生活的影响 非裔美国人样品中心脏活动的事件。心脏 措施不是作为疾病的指标，而是习惯 得出自主神经系统活动的潜在变化指标。 我们将采取个性衡量敌意，文化取向和 心情作为心脏活动的预测因素，而个人每天进行 生活功能。大学生将担任第一个参与者 调查。霍华德大学的员工和教职员工将 构成第二个数据的主要数据来源。此外 PEP和RSA的度量，心脏的阻抗心脏指标 输出，收缩力，中风量​​和左心室射血 时间将构成主要的措施。最初这些意愿 当参与者遇到一电池时，可以在实验室中获得 心脏反应性的心理测试。这些测试包括旋转 追求，视觉搜索以及观看和成像在社会上有害 情况。随后，将在8-期间获得阻抗措施 小时现场评估。在此阶段，参与者将 定期报告情绪和活动。研究将测试 人格变量的层次回归模型的效用 包括敌意，情绪，文化取向的调节措施， 与实验室反应性得分一起作为心脏的预测指标 在门诊条件下记录的活动。这些研究是设计的 阐明人格与实验室之间的复杂关系 心脏反应性以及每天参与的个体的心脏状况 活动。因此，他们将有助于我们预测的能力 这个人群中的个人最容易受到破坏 压力很大的环境。