Effect of Ethanol Consumption on Vaccine Responses

描述(由申请人提供)： 在美国，酗酒是一个主要的健康问题。这一点尤其正确 在某些人群中，例如那些受MV感染影响的人群。上一首 研究表明，在感染艾滋病毒的同性恋者和 双性恋男性明显比那些没有感染的男性更常见。作为艾滋病病毒 这个国家的疫情在演变，艾滋病毒正在越来越多地影响人口 他们滥用包括酒精在内的多种物质。乙醇消费量是 已知会改变宿主免疫力并抑制宿主防御 感染剂。这些传染病中的许多都容易患上 通过接种疫苗进行预防。令人惊讶的是，急性和慢性的影响 酒精摄入对疫苗改变宿主免疫能力的影响 对其进行了系统的研究。由巨细胞病毒(CMV)引起的感染有 这在全世界都很常见。CMV也是人类先天性疾病的一种严重原因 感染和免疫异常个体的感染。例如, CNW是HIV感染者常见且严重的致病原因 感染。因为在这些情况下，它能够引起疾病， 目前人们对疫苗预防或修改的能力非常感兴趣 CMV感染的病程。我们已经开发出一种接种疫苗的小鼠模型 改变对CNW感染的免疫力。我们将利用这个模型来确定 如果急性或慢性酒精摄入改变了CMV的进程 感染或宿主对接种疫苗的反应。这样做的总体目标是 一项提议是检验乙醇消费将改变人体健康的假设 宿主对疫苗接种的反应。考虑到这一点，该计划的具体目标 建议如下：具体目标1：确定急性或非急性 慢性酒精摄入改变了急性巨细胞病毒感染的过程。特定的 目标2：确定急性或慢性酒精摄入是否会改变这种能力 接种疫苗以改变宿主对MCNW的反应。建议的实验是 旨在探讨酒精摄入对急性病毒感染的影响 在高度明确和可重复性的疫苗接种中的感染和反应 系统。这些研究将为系统分析 乙醇通过改变宿主对病毒感染的反应和 病毒疫苗接种。

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): Alcohol abuse is a major health problem in the US. This is especially true among certain populations, such as those affected by MV infection. Previous studies demonstrated that ethanol use among HIV infected homosexual and bisexual men is significantly more common than those not infected. As the HIV epidemic in this country evolves, HIV is increasingly affecting populations who abuse a number of substances, including alcohol. Ethanol consumption is known to alter host immunity and suppress host defenses to a number of infectious agents. Many of these infectious diseases are amenable to prevention through vaccination. Surprisingly, the impact of acute and chronic ethanol consumption on the ability of vaccines to alter host immunity has not been systematically studied. Infections due to cytomegalovirus (CMV) are common worldwide. CMV is also a serious cause of human disease in congenital infection and in infection of individuals with abnormal immunity. For example, CNW is a common and serious cause of disease in individuals with HIV infection. Because of its ability to cause disease in these situations, there is currently intense interest in the ability of vaccines to prevent or modify the course of CMV infection. We have developed a murine model of vaccination to modify immunity to CNW infection. We will utilize this model to determine if acute or chronic ethanol consumption alters either the course of CMV infection or the host response to vaccination. The broad objective of this proposal is to test the hypothesis that ethanol consumption will alter the host response to vaccination. With this in mind, the specific aims of the proposal are the following: Specific Aim 1: To determine whether acute or chronic ethanol consumption alters the course of acute CMV infection. Specific Aim 2: To determine if acute or chronic ethanol consumption alters the ability vaccination to alter the host response for MCNW. The proposed experiments are designed to explore the effects of ethanol consumption on acute viral infection and response to vaccination in a highly defined and reproducible system. These studies will set the stage for a systematic analysis of the mechanisms by which ethanol alters the host responses to viral infection and viral vaccine administration.