EXERCISE AND NICOTINE REPLACEMENT FOR FEMALE SMOKERS

女性吸烟者的锻炼和尼古丁替代

• 批准号: 6460680
• 负责人: TARU KINNUNEN
• 金额: $ 3.25万
• 依托单位: HARVARD MEDICAL SCHOOL
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1999
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1999-04-15 至 2003-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6460680
• 关键词: aerobic exercise; clinical research; combination therapy; computer data analysis; drug withdrawal; emotions; female; human middle age (35-64); human subject; human therapy evaluation; menstrual cycle; motivation; nicotine; nicotine replacement; premenstrual syndrome; smoking; smoking cessation; tobacco abuse; weight control; women's health; young adult human (21-34)

Each year nicotine addiction is responsible for more than 125,000 deaths of American women. In 1987, cigarette smoking related lung cancer surpassed breast cancer as the leading cause of death by cancer among women. The prevalence of smoking has declined more slowly for women than for men, suggesting that quitting smoking is more difficult for women. Factors that may contribute to the gender difference in cessation rates include women's greater tendency to smoke as a means of coping with negative affect, and their greater concern about postcessation weight gain. It seems clear that special interventions are needed to address these unique concerns of female smokers. Nicotine replacement therapy has shown some success in improving smoking cessation rates, reducing the severity of negative affect usually experienced during cessation, and, in the case of nicotine gum, minimizing postcessation weight gain. Aerobic exercise has also been found to improve mood and control weight. In combination, nicotine replacement therapy and aerobic exercise should be a powerful smoking cessation treatment for women. The proposed study will investigate the effects of an aerobic exercise intervention as an adjunct to nicotine polacrilex gum therapy. Three hundred female smokers will receive nicotine gum therapy and will be randomly assigned to an exercise intervention, an equal contact control condition, or a gum alone control condition. The exercise intervention will consist of three 45-minute sessions of aerobic exercise per week from 3 weeks precessation through 16 weeks postcessation. All participants will be followed for one year after cessation. In addition to determining the effectiveness of the adjunct exercise intervention on cessation rates, the mechanisms (e.g., relief of negative moods, suppression of cessation-related weight concerns, relief of premenstrual distress) by which exercise affects cessation will be examined. The proposed study will provide the first large-scale test of a very promising intervention to aid women in smoking cessation. The combination of an exercise intervention with nicotine replacement, which has not yet been investigated, should provide a particularly effective treatment program for female smokers. Intensive focus on the mechanisms by which exercise affects cessation will provide information essential both for understanding the nature of the relationship between exercise and smoking cessation, and for later refinement and enhancement of the exercise intervention.

每年有超过125,000名美国女性死于尼古丁成瘾。1987年，吸烟引起的肺癌超过乳腺癌，成为妇女癌症死亡的首要原因。女性吸烟率的下降速度比男性慢，这表明戒烟对女性来说更困难。可能导致戒烟率性别差异的因素包括女性更倾向于将吸烟作为应对负面影响的手段，以及她们更担心戒烟后体重增加。显然，需要采取特殊干预措施来解决女性吸烟者的这些独特问题。尼古丁替代疗法在提高戒烟率、减少戒烟期间通常经历的负面影响的严重程度方面取得了一定的成功，并且在尼古丁口香糖的情况下，最大限度地减少了戒烟后的体重增加。有氧运动也被发现可以改善情绪和控制体重。尼古丁替代疗法和有氧运动相结合，对女性来说应该是一种强有力的戒烟疗法。拟议的研究将调查有氧运动干预作为尼古丁polacrilex口香糖疗法的辅助疗法的效果。300名女性吸烟者将接受尼古丁口香糖疗法，并被随机分配到运动干预组、等量接触控制组和单独服用口香糖控制组。运动干预将包括每周三次45分钟的有氧运动，从开始前3周到停止后16周。所有参与者将在戒烟后随访一年。除了确定辅助运动干预对戒烟率的有效性外，还将检查运动影响戒烟的机制（例如，缓解负面情绪，抑制与戒烟有关的体重问题，缓解经前痛苦）。这项提议的研究将为一种非常有前景的干预措施提供首次大规模测试，以帮助女性戒烟。运动干预和尼古丁替代的结合，还没有被调查，应该为女性吸烟者提供一个特别有效的治疗方案。集中关注运动影响戒烟的机制，将为理解运动与戒烟之间关系的本质，以及以后改进和加强运动干预提供必要的信息。