Grape Britain: exploring the future of the English and Welsh Wine Industry

战略主题：应对气候变化战略领域：业务研究项目摘要：葡萄酒行业是英国发展最迅速的农业部门之一，自2000年以来种植总面积翻了两番，仅今年一年就种植了300多万株葡萄。由于英国商业葡萄酒行业仍处于形成阶段，有许多研究需要进行，以更好地了解该行业。特别是，葡萄栽培对英国景观的影响尚不清楚，除了我们如何选择葡萄种植方向外，气候变化将如何继续影响该行业。气候变化被广泛认为是推动葡萄酒质量和葡萄酒产区适宜性变化的一个因素。现有地区正在达到选址适宜性的上限，如法国的香槟，而其他地区的适宜性正在继续增加，如英格兰南部。监测天气模式和极端天气事件对于尝试和管理葡萄园以实现最佳葡萄酒生产至关重要。这对于塑造英格兰和威尔士葡萄酒行业的未来，在基于地形的指定区域内确定最佳地点，以及从产量、质量和需求方面选择最佳葡萄品种尤其相关。该项目的主要目标是为英格兰和威尔士设计一张地形模型地图。Terroir是这样一个概念，即葡萄酒在其种植地区是独一无二的，这是由多种因素驱动的，包括地质、土壤、景观、气候、天气、葡萄品种以及文化方面，如地区历史和酿酒师知识。欧洲许多葡萄酒的名称控制系统在很大程度上是由地形定义地区的概念驱动的。英格兰和威尔士目前几乎没有保护葡萄种植者、葡萄酒生产商和消费者的立法。特别是在政治和立法不安全的情况下，需要界定制度和确定不同的区域，迄今为止，这些区域是按县和行政区任意划分的，以保护各种利益攸关方。此外，明确的区域地形可能有助于推广某些风格、葡萄酒和生产商，这对英格兰和威尔士的葡萄酒旅游业的发展也是必不可少的。这个项目旨在解决我们在了解英格兰和威尔士葡萄酒行业方面的基本知识差距。从这项研究中获得的信息将在帮助为塑造英格兰和威尔士葡萄酒行业的未来提供建议方面产生重大影响，旨在影响从立法者到生产商和消费者的各种利益相关者。

Strategic theme: Living with Climate Change Strategic area: Operational ResearchProject summary: The wine industry is one of the United Kingdom's most rapidly expanding agricultural sectors, with total hectarage planted quadrupling since 2000, and over 3 million vines planted this year alone. As the commercial UK wine industry is still in its formative years, there is much research to be undertaken to better understand the sector. In particular, the impact of viticulture on the British landscape is as yet unknown, as well as how climate change will continue to influence the industry, in addition to how we choose the steer it. Climate change is widely acknowledged as a factor driving changes in both vintage quality and suitability of areas for wine production. Existing areas are now reaching the upper thresholds for site suitability, such as Champagne in France, whilst other areas are now continuing to increase in suitability, such as the south of England. Monitoring weather patterns and extreme weather events is vital in order try and manage vineyards for optimal vintage production. This is particularly relevant for shaping the future of the English and Welsh wine industries, and identification of optimal sites, within designated regions based on terroir, and selection of optimal grape cultivars for yield, quality and demand. The primary aim of this project is to design a model terroir map for England and Wales. Terroir is the notion that wines are unique to the area in which they are grown, and that this is driven by a plethora of factors, including geology, soil, landscape, climate, weather, grape variety, as well as cultural aspects such as history of a region and winemaker knowledge. Appellation control systems for many wines in Europe are largely driven by the concept of terroir defining an area. England and Wales currently has little legislation that protects grape growers, wine producers and consumers. Particularly in the face of political and legislative insecurity, a definition of systems and identification of distinct regions, which to date are divided arbitrarily by counties and administrative regions, is needed to protect a variety of stakeholders. Additionally, defined regional terroir may aid in the promotion of certain styles, wines and producers, which is also essential for the development of wine tourism across England and Wales. This project aims to address fundamental knowledge gaps in our understanding of the English and Welsh wine sector. The information yielded from this research will have a large impact in helping to advise in the shaping of the future of the English and Welsh wine industry, aiming to influence a wide variety of stakeholders from legislators to producers as well as consumers.