Waste as resource in the "age of austerity". Sustainable development and circular economy in local communities. A case study.

研究目的本项目的主要目的是：了解废物的作用1（Thompson 1979）在一个受经济危机影响的社区，（“紧缩时代”，Streeck和Schafer 2013）;在重新思考废物作为社区资源的过程所推动的转型背景下研究社区组织。我的研究是与“可持续发展”概念相关的人种学参与，“循环经济”和“废物研究”（奥布莱恩，2008年）。自2012年以来，欧盟委员会提出了几项关于资源和废物管理的立法修正案（Gregsonet.al.2015），引入了“循环经济”的概念（欧盟委员会2014）。我将主要考虑家庭废物，但米尔斯造纸厂残余物产生的制浆废物除外。这个想法指的是一种经济，它尽可能长时间地保持资源循环，因此旨在消除废物。这种“长期解决办法”被定义为“可持续”发展（Miller 2012）。在这方面，废物被认为是有用的材料，以部分减少欧洲对自然资源的需求。把废物看作资源是很重要的，因为我们要考虑那些材料（如纸）。这些材料如果分类并单独出售，则具有货币价值。

Research aimThe main aims of this project are: to understand the role of waste1 (Thompson 1979) in a community affected by the economiccrisis ("age of austerity", Streeck and Schafer 2013); to study a community organization in a context of transformation promoted by a process ofre-thinking of waste as community resources.My research is an ethnographic engagement related to the concepts of "sustainable development","circular economy" and "waste studies" (O'Brien 2008). Since 2012, the EU commission hasproposed several legislative amendments about resources and waste management (Gregsonet.al.2015), introducing the idea of "circular economy" (European Commission 2014). This idea1 I will take into consideration mostly households waste with exception for pulper waste from paper mills' residuals.refers to an economy premised on keeping resources in circulation for as long as possible and soaims to eradicate waste. This "long term solution" is defined as "sustainable" development (Miller2012). In this context, wastes are considered useful materials in order to partially reduce theEuropean demand for natural resources. To consider wastes as resources is important to think thoseas materials (e.g.paper). These materials have monetary value if categorized and sold separately.