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Biocatalytic Membrane Reactors for Sustainable Fine Chemical Production

用于可持续精细化学品生产的生物催化膜反应器

基本信息

批准号：
1866855
负责人：
金额：
--
依托单位：
University of Manchester
依托单位国家：
英国
项目类别：
Studentship
财政年份：
2017
资助国家：
英国
起止时间：
2017 至无数据
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1866855
关键词：
Biocatalytic Membrane Reactors Sustainable Fine

项目摘要

Fine chemicals are produced in limited volumes at relatively high prices with an estimated global production value of about $85 billion annually. The application of membranes to purify, isolate and recycle the reagents, products and catalysts has gained increasing attention for the sustainable synthesis of high-value fine chemicals such as (bio)pharmaceuticals. In the last decades, a plethora of materials and processes have been developed to synergistically combine membranes and catalysis in organic media, covering various disciplines from microfluidics to enzymes. Enzymes are proteins that increase the rate of chemical reactions. They are regio-, enantio- and stereoselective, can carry out reactions with a high atom efficiency, work at lower operating temperatures than conventional organic transformations, and create less solvent waste. Therefore, they are being integrated into industrial processes for the production of high-value chemicals. Almost all of these enzymatic reactions are carried out in batch rather than continuous processes. This leads to time-consuming separation and recovery steps. Also, many enzymatic transformations are product inhibited, leading to diminishing returns during processing. Nanoporous membranes have pores the size of small molecules. These pores allow for the continuous purging of the product and simultaneous quantitative recovery of the valuable biocatalyst without the need to stop the reaction and reactivate the catalytic system. The rate of product recovery can be balanced with the rate of reactant addition to maximise the efficiency of the process and minimise product inhibition. The project will begin with training in protein handling, biochemical assays, membrane production, liquid-phase separations, and characterisation methods such as liquid chromatography and electron microscopy. The student will initially source enzyme commercially and screen them for catalytic activity under non-aqueous conditions. Organic solvents have been selected as reaction media due to the high solubility of the pharmaceutical substrates, increased stability and kinetic performance of certain biocatalysts. Initial studies will focus on homogeneous systems. A longer-term objective is to create a hybrid system in which the enzymes are immobilised on the surface of the nanofiltration membrane to create an 'all-in-one' component for continuous chemical processing. The viability of the resulting enzymatic membrane reactor will be evaluated through a pharmaceutical case study. Green metrics and techno-economic analysis will be performed to assess the overall sustainability of the hybrid system.

精细化学品的产量有限，价格相对较高，估计全球每年的产值约为850亿美元。应用膜技术对反应物、产物和催化剂进行纯化、分离和回收利用，在生物医药等高价值精细化学品的可持续合成中得到了越来越多的关注。在过去的几十年中，已经开发了大量的材料和工艺，以协同地将联合收割机膜和有机介质中的催化结合起来，涵盖了从微流体到酶的各个学科。酶是增加化学反应速率的蛋白质。它们具有区域选择性、对映选择性和立体选择性，可以以高原子效率进行反应，在比常规有机转化更低的操作温度下工作，并且产生更少的溶剂废物。因此，它们正被纳入生产高价值化学品的工业流程。几乎所有这些酶促反应都是分批进行的，而不是连续进行的。这导致耗时的分离和回收步骤。此外，许多酶促转化是产物抑制的，导致加工过程中的回报递减。纳米多孔膜具有小分子大小的孔。这些孔允许连续净化产物并同时定量回收有价值的生物催化剂，而不需要停止反应并重新活化催化体系。产物回收的速率可以与反应物添加的速率平衡，以使过程的效率最大化并使产物抑制最小化。该项目将开始在蛋白质处理，生化分析，膜生产，液相分离和表征方法，如液相色谱和电子显微镜的培训。学生将首先从商业上获得酶，并筛选它们在非水条件下的催化活性。有机溶剂由于药物底物的高溶解度、某些生物催化剂的增加的稳定性和动力学性能而被选择作为反应介质。最初的研究将集中在同质系统。一个长期目标是创建一个混合系统，其中酶被固定在纳滤膜的表面上，以创建用于连续化学处理的“一体化”组件。将通过一个制药案例研究来评估所得到的酶膜反应器的可行性。将进行绿色指标和技术经济分析，以评估混合动力系统的整体可持续性。