Cellular social networks of organelles

细胞器的细胞社交网络

• 批准号: 1898467
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Birmingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1898467
• 关键词: Cellular; social; networks; organelles

Bioenergetic organelles within plant cells are highly motile, interacting with each other and forming complex networks. Uncovering why this behaviour occurs is not only an important and interesting fundamental question, but by understanding why plants invest so much energy into maintaining this dynamic environment, we can begin to monitor and potentially increase the efficiency of crop plants. Organelles carry their own DNA from their endosymbiotic origins, but have retained only some of this genomic information; the feature governing this retention are hotly debated. The genetics and dynamics of these organelles are closely related, as "kiss-and-run" events allow the potential transfer of DNA between mitochondria. Answering questions on relationships between physical and genetic dynamics of organelles is also important in the production of cells with cytoplasmic male sterility, as perturbations in this genetic control allow the efficient production of hybrids, vital in agriculture and feeding growing populations. Using mitoGFP fluorescence, MitoTracker stains, and ParticleTracker software we can analyse the network connectivity of these mitochondria and chloroplasts, and quantify behavioural traits, in wild type cells and structural and genetic mutants. The energy landscape of the cell can be measured using dyes such as TMRM, revealing the individual state of mitochondria, leading us to understand why certain mitochondria move to certain cellular regions when membrane potential varies. We will also look at the differences in organelle dynamics within C4 plants, comparing these networks to C3 plants with the eventual aim of synthetically bringing these characteristics into C3 plants to increase crop plant efficiency. If the dynamics of bioenergetic organelles can be quantified, a map for the manipulation of organelle dynamics in crop plants may be created, reaching towards food security solutions, while also gaining fundamental understanding of these rapidly moving, and fascinating organelles.

植物细胞内的生物能细胞器是高度能动的，相互作用并形成复杂的网络。揭示为什么会发生这种行为不仅是一个重要而有趣的基本问题，而且通过理解为什么植物会投入如此多的能量来维持这种动态环境，我们可以开始监测并潜在地提高作物的效率。细胞器携带着来自内共生体的DNA，但只保留了部分基因组信息;这种保留的特征引起了激烈的争论。这些细胞器的遗传学和动力学是密切相关的，因为“吻和跑”事件允许线粒体之间潜在的DNA转移。细胞器的物理和遗传动力学之间的关系的问题也是重要的，在生产细胞质雄性不育，在这种遗传控制的扰动允许杂交种的有效生产，在农业和喂养不断增长的人口至关重要。 使用mitoGFP荧光，MitoTracker染色和ParticleTracker软件，我们可以分析这些线粒体和叶绿体的网络连接，并量化野生型细胞和结构和遗传突变体中的行为特征。细胞的能量景观可以使用染料如TMRM来测量，揭示线粒体的个体状态，使我们理解为什么当膜电位变化时某些线粒体会移动到某些细胞区域。我们还将研究C4植物中细胞器动力学的差异，将这些网络与C3植物进行比较，最终目的是将这些特征综合引入C3植物，以提高作物植物效率。 如果生物能细胞器的动力学可以量化，就可以创建一个操纵作物细胞器动力学的地图，从而实现粮食安全解决方案，同时也可以对这些快速移动和迷人的细胞器有基本的了解。