Computer Directed Photodynamic Therapy of Prostate Ca

描述（来自申请人摘要的逐字逐句）：提案的目的 是提供一个关键的知识体系，其最终目标是 将光动力疗法（PDT）转移到临床竞技场用于治疗 前列腺癌的症状PSA测试作为数字化辅助手段的广泛使用 直肠检查导致前列腺癌的诊断增加 在其早期阶段。器官局限性前列腺癌的治疗包括 根治性切除术、放射治疗、近距离放射治疗和冷冻手术消融。 所有这些结果都是有利的，至少在短期结果方面是有利的。 尽管如此，对于抽动症，30%的患者会出现生化功能衰竭， 在治疗的5年内。前列腺癌治疗的新方法 是必要的。我们希望利用PDT作为一种新的方法来治疗 前列腺癌PDT治疗前列腺癌取决于PDT的隔离 前列腺的腺体组织内的药物。光敏剂是 随后被产生细胞毒性物质的高能光激活， 进而破坏癌组织由于前列腺癌是一种多灶性 疾病，PDT必须完全消融前列腺。完全消融取决于 组织对光敏剂的敏感性定量，精确放置 以及将治疗光剂量输送到 整个腺体。前列腺是不规则的形状，所以经尿道光 递送不能用于治疗大多数前列腺癌。 此外，大多数癌症位于前列腺的外周区， 经尿道发射的光不太可能到达的区域。来源 光及其空间分布必须适合每个患者。更 通过间隙光照射可以实现均匀的光分布。 在这种情况下，光由放置在物质内的漫射器传递 平行于尿道的前列腺， 足够的光水平并产生所需的光动力效应。到 实现整个前列腺均匀的光分布，我们正在开发一种 一种计算机程序，可以通过计算 光能量的分布取决于光源的数量， 前列腺，它们在腺体中的位置，前列腺的尺寸，以及 组织衰减系数。

DESCRIPTION (Verbatim from Applicant's Abstract): The objective of the proposal is to provide a critical body of knowledge with the ultimate goal of transferring photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the clinical arena for the treatment of prostate cancer. The widespread use of PSA test as an adjunct to digital rectal examination has led to an increase in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in its early stages. Treatment of organ confined prostatic cancer includes radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, brachytherapy and cryosurgical ablation. Results from all these are favorable at least in terms of short outcomes. Still, with Tic disease, 30 percent of patients will have biochemical failure within 5 years of treatment. Clearly novel methods of prostate cancer treatment are needed. We want to utilize PDT as a novel approach to the treatment of prostatic cancer. PDT for prostate cancer depends on the sequestration of a PDT drug within the glandular tissue of the prostate. The photosensitizer is subsequently activated by high-energy light producing cytotoxic substances, which in turn destroy cancerous tissue. Since prostate cancer is a multi-focal disease, PDT must ablate the prostate completely. Complete ablation will depend on quantification of tissue sensitivity to a photosensitizer, precise placement of light sources in the prostate and delivery of a therapeutic light dose to the entire gland. The prostate is irregular in shape, so transurethral light delivery cannot be used for the treatment of the majority of prostate cancers. Additionally, most cancers are located in the peripheral zone of the prostate, an area unlikely to be reached by transurethrally launched light. Sources of light and their spatial distribution must be tailored to each patient. More uniform light distribution can be achieved by interstitial light irradiation. In this case, the light is delivered by diffusers placed within the substance of the prostate parallel to the urethra at a distance optimized to deliver adequate levels of light and to create the desired photodynamic effect. To achieve uniform light distribution throughout the prostate we are developing a computer program that can determine treatment effects by calculating the distribution of light energy depending on the number of light sources placed in the prostate, their position in the gland, the dimension of the prostate, and the tissue attenuation coefficient.