Computer Directed Photodynamic Therapy of Prostate Ca

描述(逐字摘自申请人摘要)：建议书的目标 是提供一个批判性的知识体系，其最终目标是 将光动力疗法(PDT)转移到临床领域进行治疗 前列腺癌。PSA测试作为数字化辅助手段的广泛使用 直肠检查导致前列腺癌的诊断增加 在它的早期阶段。器官受限前列腺癌的治疗包括 根治性前列腺切除术、放射治疗、近距离放射治疗和冷冻外科消融。 所有这些结果都是有利的，至少在短期效果方面是有利的。 尽管如此，30%的抽动症患者会出现生化衰竭 在治疗后5年内。前列腺癌治疗的新方法 都是需要的。我们希望利用光动力疗法作为一种新的治疗方法。 前列腺癌。光动力疗法治疗前列腺癌依赖于光动力疗法的隔离 前列腺腺组织内的药物。光敏剂是 随后被产生细胞毒性物质的高能光线激活， 这反过来又会破坏癌细胞组织。由于前列腺癌是一种多发灶 对于疾病，光动力疗法必须完全切除前列腺。完全消融将取决于 关于组织对光敏剂敏感性的定量，精确放置 在前列腺中的光源和提供治疗性的光剂量 整个腺体。前列腺形状不规则，所以经尿路照射 分娩不能用于治疗大多数前列腺癌。 此外，大多数癌症位于前列腺的外围区域， 一个不太可能被经尿路发射的光到达的区域。来源： 光线及其空间分布必须为每个患者量身定做。更多 通过间隙光照射可以获得均匀的光分布。 在这种情况下，光由放置在物质内的漫射器传递 前列腺与尿路平行，距离最大，以便 足够的光线级别，并创建所需的光动力学效果。至 在整个前列腺中实现均匀的光分布我们正在开发一种 一种计算机程序，可以通过计算 光能的分布取决于放置在 前列腺，它们在腺体中的位置，前列腺的大小，以及 组织衰减系数。

DESCRIPTION (Verbatim from Applicant's Abstract): The objective of the proposal is to provide a critical body of knowledge with the ultimate goal of transferring photodynamic therapy (PDT) to the clinical arena for the treatment of prostate cancer. The widespread use of PSA test as an adjunct to digital rectal examination has led to an increase in the diagnosis of prostate cancer in its early stages. Treatment of organ confined prostatic cancer includes radical prostatectomy, radiotherapy, brachytherapy and cryosurgical ablation. Results from all these are favorable at least in terms of short outcomes. Still, with Tic disease, 30 percent of patients will have biochemical failure within 5 years of treatment. Clearly novel methods of prostate cancer treatment are needed. We want to utilize PDT as a novel approach to the treatment of prostatic cancer. PDT for prostate cancer depends on the sequestration of a PDT drug within the glandular tissue of the prostate. The photosensitizer is subsequently activated by high-energy light producing cytotoxic substances, which in turn destroy cancerous tissue. Since prostate cancer is a multi-focal disease, PDT must ablate the prostate completely. Complete ablation will depend on quantification of tissue sensitivity to a photosensitizer, precise placement of light sources in the prostate and delivery of a therapeutic light dose to the entire gland. The prostate is irregular in shape, so transurethral light delivery cannot be used for the treatment of the majority of prostate cancers. Additionally, most cancers are located in the peripheral zone of the prostate, an area unlikely to be reached by transurethrally launched light. Sources of light and their spatial distribution must be tailored to each patient. More uniform light distribution can be achieved by interstitial light irradiation. In this case, the light is delivered by diffusers placed within the substance of the prostate parallel to the urethra at a distance optimized to deliver adequate levels of light and to create the desired photodynamic effect. To achieve uniform light distribution throughout the prostate we are developing a computer program that can determine treatment effects by calculating the distribution of light energy depending on the number of light sources placed in the prostate, their position in the gland, the dimension of the prostate, and the tissue attenuation coefficient.