ARTICULATORY KINEMATICS IN NEUROGENIC SPEECH DISORDERS

神经源性言语障碍的关节运动学

• 批准号: 6476023
• 负责人: GARY G WEISMER
• 金额: $ 44.63万
• 依托单位: UNIVERSITY OF WISCONSIN-MADISON
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 1998
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 1998-12-01 至 2004-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6476023
• 关键词: Parkinson's disease; amyotrophic lateral sclerosis; clinical research; human subject; jaw movement; palate; phonology; psychoacoustics; psycholinguistics; speech; speech disorders; speech recognition; tongue; voice

This proposal deals with the articulatory underpinnings of speech intelligibility deficits in the neurogenic speech disorders associated with Parkinson disease (PD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). The proposed work uses x-ray microbeam (articulatory kinematic), speech acoustic, and speech intelligibility measures to address a major descriptive need, as well as several hypotheses. The major descriptive need is that virtually nothing is known about lingual ranges of motion for articulatory behavior in neurogenic speech disorders; over the last thirty years a substantial research effort has been devoted to possible relationships between oromotor non-verbal behavior and speech intelligibility, but it is argued from the available literature that this is not the right approach to understanding speech articulators during speech production. This explains the descriptive aim of the current proposal, which make use of carefully-defined measures of the phonetic working space (i.e., parameterizations of ranges) for articulation. An associated descriptive goal is to determine if jaw movement during speech is greater for ALS, as compared to PD speakers, and if the lingual working spaces are therefore differentially affected across group by mandibular motions. One of the hypotheses makes use of these kinematic working space parameters by claiming that there should be a relationship between measures of the phonetic (articulatory kinematic) working space for vowels, and acoustic vowel space (area of an F1-F2 plot) or formant ranges on the one hand, and speech intelligibility on the other hand, Specifically, the hypothesis is that reduced phonetic working spaces will be associated with reduced acoustic vowel working spaces and reduced speech intelligibility. The hypothesis will be tested both within each of the disease groups mentioned above (N=20 patients per group), as well as across all patients (N=40). A second hypothesis is that the relative phasing of successive articulatory gestures in VCV sequences will be delayed relative to the phasing observed in neurologically-normal speakers. This hypothesis grows out of both clinical and empirical observations of reduced co- articulation (or, in an alternative jargon, reduced overlap) among many speakers with neurogenic speech disorders. The final aim of this proposal is to initiate vocal tract modeling studies of neurogenic speech disorders, where the input to the model is in the form of the x- ray microbeam data and observed speech spectra; the goal of this work is to improve articulatory inferences from speech acoustic data collected from persons with neurogenic speech disorders. A final hypothesis, to be tested with the vocal tract model, is that dysarthric speakers have fewer articulatory degrees of freedom in realizing vowel spectra, as compared to normal speakers.

本研究旨在探讨帕金森病（PD）和肌萎缩侧索硬化症（ALS）相关的神经源性语言障碍中言语可理解性缺陷的发音基础。建议的工作使用x射线微束（发音运动学），语音声学和语音可理解性措施来解决主要的描述性需求，以及几个假设。主要的描述需求是对神经源性语言障碍中发音行为的语言运动范围几乎一无所知；在过去的三十年里，大量的研究工作一直致力于研究运动非语言行为与言语可理解性之间的可能关系，但从现有的文献来看，这并不是理解言语产生过程中言语发音者的正确方法。这解释了当前提案的描述性目的，该提案利用仔细定义的语音工作空间（即范围的参数化）来发音。一个相关的描述目标是确定与PD演讲者相比，ALS演讲者在讲话时下颌运动是否更大，以及下颌运动是否因此对舌工作空间产生不同的影响。其中一种假设利用这些运动工作空间参数，声称元音的语音（发音运动）工作空间和声学元音空间（F1-F2图的面积）或形成峰范围的测量一方面与语音可理解性之间应该存在关系，具体来说，其假设是，语音工作空间的减少将与元音工作空间的减少和语音可理解性的降低有关。该假设将在上述每个疾病组（每组N=20例患者）以及所有患者（N=40）中进行检验。第二个假设是，相对于在神经正常的说话者中观察到的相位，VCV序列中连续发音手势的相对相位将被延迟。这一假设来自于临床和经验观察，即许多神经源性语言障碍患者的协同发音减少（换句话说，重叠减少）。本提案的最终目的是启动神经源性语言障碍的声道建模研究，其中模型的输入是以x射线微束数据和观察语音谱的形式；这项工作的目的是改善从神经源性语言障碍患者收集的语音声学数据的发音推断。最后一个假设，用声道模型进行测试，是与正常说话者相比，发音困难的说话者在实现元音谱方面的发音自由度更小。