New self-assembling antimicrobial biomaterials based on spider silk.

基于蜘蛛丝的新型自组装抗菌生物材料。

• 批准号: 1922901
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Nottingham
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1922901
• 关键词: New; self; assembling; antimicrobial; biomaterials

Spider silk is a large (200-250 kDa) protein known for its excellent biocompatibility, slow degradation, and low immunogenicity and pyrogenicity. Silks exhibit exceptional mechanical properties - it is tougher than any synthetic material (including bullet-proof Kevlar) and stronger than steel on weight-per-weight basis. Unfortunately, it is not feasible to farm spiders due to their cannibalistic and highly territorial nature.In this project, we use synthetic miniature spider silk constructs that are expressed recombinantly in bacteria, therefore eliminating the need for spider farming. Additionally, unlike spiders, bacteria are able to incorporate man-made amino acids with selectively reactive side chains into the silk protein sequence. In this way, we can use synthetic biology to produce a customisable silk platform for further modification in a tightly controlled, sustainable and scalable approach. Furthermore, recombinant silk can be easily processed into different stable morphologies, such as fibres, hydrogels, spheres, glues, and self-assembling films that can be readily adapted to their final role.The aim of this project is to create recombinant spider silk-based materials with antimicrobial properties. We intend to decorate silk with antimicrobial molecules using click chemistry - a series of robust, high yielding, biocompatible chemical reactions that are tolerant to a wide range of conditions. Further, this project will assess the biological activity of the antimicrobial silk conjugates. Antimicrobial silk conjugates have an extensive potential in various medical and bioengineering applications. Functionalised silks can be processed into infection-resistant surgical sutures and glues, wound dressings, and medical device coatings. Such custom-designed antimicrobial silk materials tackle infection at the susceptible site, mitigating issues associated with systemic overuse of antibiotics, surface-associated bacterial growth, and hospital-acquired infections.

蜘蛛丝是一种大的（200-250 kDa）蛋白质，以其优异的生物相容性、缓慢降解和低免疫原性和热原性而闻名。丝绸具有特殊的机械性能-它比任何合成材料（包括防弹凯夫拉）都更坚韧，比钢更坚固。不幸的是，由于蜘蛛的同类相食和高度领土性，养殖蜘蛛是不可行的。在这个项目中，我们使用在细菌中重组表达的合成微型蜘蛛丝结构，因此消除了蜘蛛养殖的需要。此外，与蜘蛛不同的是，细菌能够将具有选择性反应侧链的人造氨基酸整合到丝蛋白序列中。通过这种方式，我们可以使用合成生物学来生产可定制的丝平台，以便以严格控制，可持续和可扩展的方法进行进一步修改。此外，重组蛛丝可以很容易地加工成不同的稳定形态，如纤维，水凝胶，球体，胶水和自组装膜，可以很容易地适应其最终的作用。本项目的目的是创造具有抗菌性能的重组蜘蛛丝基材料。我们打算使用点击化学用抗菌分子装饰丝绸-一系列强大的，高产的，生物相容的化学反应，耐受各种条件。此外，该项目将评估抗菌丝缀合物的生物活性。抗菌丝素偶联物在各种医学和生物工程应用中具有广泛的潜力。功能化的丝可以加工成抗感染的外科缝线和胶水、伤口敷料和医疗器械涂层。这种定制设计的抗微生物蚕丝材料可以解决易感部位的感染，减轻与抗生素全身性过度使用、表面相关细菌生长和医院获得性感染相关的问题。