British military encounters with Italian civilians, 1943-1946

意大利的战役产生了著名的英国士兵在那里的文学作品。戈登·莱特的《罗萨诺》(1955)、埃里克·纽比的《亚平宁的爱与战争》(1971)、斯图尔特·胡德的《我头骨上的鹅卵石》(1973)和《卡里诺》(1983)，这些作品一问世就在英国留下了深刻的印象。最近，詹姆斯·霍兰德的《意大利的悲伤：1944-1945战争的一年》(2008)为意大利人如何经历第二次世界大战的结束提供了一个新的倾向性。这个项目将试图研究英国士兵和意大利平民之间的遭遇，挖掘这一丰富的社会历史矿藏，以期对战争时期的遭遇有新的理解。IWM在这个主题上有丰富的材料。官方照片和胶片极其详细地记录了这场战役的过程；私人信件和日记以及口述历史采访提供了强有力的证据；几名官方战争艺术家被部署在意大利--包括爱德华·阿迪兹宗和爱德华·鲍登。学生--在他们的合作导师的意见下--将决定如何最好地专注于这个故事中易于管理和有意义的部分。他们可能会选择一个地区性的焦点(有激烈活动或战略基地的城市或农村地区)；一种类型的遭遇--战俘逃跑、党派活动、重建努力、与妇女的接触、印度军队的存在；一个主题，如饥饿和流离失所；或者战争的一个特定月份--换句话说，是战争中特定关头活动的快照。这个项目提供了一个机会，既可以进行详细的历史研究，也可以参与意大利口述历史的理论和实践，学生将有望参观相关档案，并在可能的情况下进行自己的口述历史访谈。

The Italian campaign produced a notable literary output from British soldiers who were there. Gordon Lett's Rossano (1955), Eric Newby's Love and War in the Apennines (1971), Stuart Hood's Pebbles from my skull (1973) republished as Carlino (1983), all made strong impressions in the UK when they appeared. More recently James Holland's Italy's Sorrow: A Year of War 1944-45 (2008) has provided a new slant on how Italians experienced the end of the Second World War. This project would seek to examine the encounters that took place between British soldiers and Italian civilians, mining this rich seam of social history for new understandings of encounter in time of war. IWM has a wealth of material on this subject. Official photographs and film document the course of the campaign in exceptional detail; personal letters and diaries, and oral history interviews provide strong evidence; and several of the official war artists were deployed in Italy - including Edward Ardizzone and Edward Bawden. The student - with input from their co-supervisors - would decide how best to focus on a manageable and meaningful segment of this story. They might take a regional focus (a city or rural area where there was intense activity or a strategic base); a type of encounter - prisoner of war escapes, partisan activity, efforts at reconstruction, encounters with women, the Indian Army presence; a theme such as hunger and displacement; or a particular month of the war - in other words, a snapshot of activity at a particular juncture in the war.The project offers the opportunity both for detailed historical research and also to engage with the theory and practice of oral history in Italy and the student would be expected to visit relevant archives and where possible to conduct their own oral history interviews.