An investigation of the properties of nanoelectrodes and Nanopores using new electroanalytical techniques

纳米电极和纳米孔非常有意义；它们具有极高的局部传质能力，并能够表征极小的颗粒。这里概述的项目将使用在南安普敦开发的一系列定制和独特的电分析技术来制造和研究这些结构。最近，在南安普顿用一种改进的文献方法制造了新的纳米电极。这种方法已经制造出一系列纳米电极，可以在1小时内制造完成。反过来，这些已经被用作产生一组锥形玻璃纳米孔的基础。新的纳米电极和纳米孔不仅在电分析方面很有趣，而且还可以用于其他应用。例如，已经提出了由于施加适当的刺激而产生电化学电位差(从而产生电力的可能性)的建议。此外，在这个维度上的一些结构还表现出与传统预测响应不同的有趣的流动特性。为了利用这种不同寻常的流动特性，将产生具有石墨碳作为其壁的组成部分的纳米孔。这个表面的影响和它的功能化将被研究。其中一项研究将涉及对内部生产的一组简单纳米孔的电化学电位产生的研究，具体目的是表征所用材料、溶液pH值和表面功能等的影响。这里概述的项目将研究这些结构，具体目的是利用南安普顿开发的新技术(例如高速阻抗分析和差动库尔特计数器)，具体目的是进一步了解这些系统的机械细节。

Nanoelectrodes and nanopores are of significant interest; they have extremely high local mass transfer and are able to characterise extremely small particles. The project outlined here will fabricate and investigate these structures using an array of bespoke and unique electroanalytical techniques developed in Southampton. Recently new nanoelectrodes have been fabricated in Southampton using a modified literature approach. This approach has produced a series of nanoelectrodes that can be fabricated in < 1 hour. In turn, these have been used as the basis for the generation of a set of conical glass nanopores. The new nanoelectrodes and nanopores, as well as being interesting from an electroanalytical aspect, can also be useful for other applications. For example, the generation of an electrochemical potential differences as a result of the imposition of a suitable stimuli (and hence the possibility to produce power) has been suggested. In addition, some structures at this dimension also exhibit interesting flow properties which do not follow the conventional predicted response. In order to exploit the unusual flow characteristics, nanopores will be produced which have graphitic carbon as an integral part of their wall. The effect of this surface and its functionalisation will be investigated. One such investigation will involve the study of the electrochemical potential generation across a set of simple nanopores produced in-house with the specific aim of characterising the influence of the materials used, the solution pH and surface functionality etc. The project outlined here will investigate these structures with the specific aim of exploiting the new technologies developed at Southampton (for example high-speed impedance analysis and differential coulter counters) with the specific aim of gaining further insight into the mechanistic details of these systems.