The development, evolution and function of the Bullseye petal pattern in the Hibiscus trionum complex

木槿复合体中牛眼花瓣图案的发育、演化和功能

• 批准号: 1943129
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: University of Cambridge
• 依托单位国家: 英国
• 项目类别: Studentship
• 财政年份: 2017
• 资助国家: 英国
• 起止时间: 2017 至 无数据
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gtr.ukri.org/projects?ref=studentship-1943129
• 关键词: development; evolution; function; Bullseye; petal

Theme: Agriculture and Food SecurityThe development, evolution and function of the "Bullseye" petal pattern in the Hibiscus trionum complex: Identifying the regulatory mechanisms leading to diverse flower patterns Overall aim: Understand the processes accounting for localised accumulation of pigments in proximal and distal petal regions of H.trionum and its close relatives which create their distinctive bullseye pattern. Understanding the role of different bullseye geometries in mediating plant-pollinator interactions. The project is further split into three aims. Aim 1: Identify the regulatory and signalling mechanisms regulating local pigment production in developing petals to generate a bullseye pattern.Computational and Molecular techniques are used to investigate MYB and bHLH candidate genes. Phylogenies; cloning; qPCR for expression; transgenic over-expressor and knock-out lines; Yeast Hybrids. Aim 2: Characterise and compare varieties that differ in their bullseye patterns to understand the developmental and molecular changes accounting for bullseye evolution.Morphological characterisation of pattern variants: pigment extractions; image analysis of petal patterns and features; UV measurements; Molecular changes underlying pattern evolution: H.t.richardsonii transcriptome; qPCR in H.t.commercial and H.t.richardsonii varieties; gene isolation and transgenics in these lines. Aim 3: Explore the role of bullseye pattern in mediating flower-pollinator interaction. Specifically testing the impact of bullseye size variation on pollinator behaviour and assess the relative contribution of each of the three pattern elements (pigmentation, cell shape and cuticular ornamentation) to bullseye function.Question1: Test if variation in bullseye pattern size influences bumblebee (Bombus terrestris) interactions Determine with differential conditioning experiments whether bumblebees can distinguish bullseye patterns exhibiting pigmented regions of different sizes and determine the smallest bullseye size difference bumblebees can perceive.Determine with preference tests if bumblebees favour flowers with a bullseye patterns from a given size range.Question 2: Test the contribution of pigmentation and structural elements to bullseye functionDetermine with preference tests whether pollinators favour patterns composed of structural or pigmentation pattern elements alone, or elements in combination, and therefore whether they use structural or pigmentation, or a combination of both feature types, as cues during an interaction with a flower.

主题：农业与粮食安全芙蓉复合体“靶心”花瓣图案的发展、演变和功能：确定导致不同花型的调控机制总体目标：了解芙蓉及其近缘植物近端和远端花瓣区域色素局部积累的过程，这些过程形成了它们独特的靶心图案。了解不同的靶心几何形状在植物-传粉媒介相互作用中的作用。该项目进一步分为三个目标。目的1：确定在花瓣发育过程中调节局部色素生产以产生靶心图案的调控和信号传导机制。利用计算和分子技术研究MYB和bHLH候选基因。的发展史;克隆;qPCR表达；转基因过表达系和敲除系；酵母杂交。目标2：描述和比较不同靶心形态的品种，以了解导致靶心进化的发育和分子变化。图案变异的形态学特征：色素提取；花瓣形态与特征的图像分析；紫外线测量;模式进化背后的分子变化：H.t.richardsonii转录组商品和理查森芽孢杆菌qPCR分析这些品系的基因分离与转基因。目的3：探讨靶心图案在花与传粉者相互作用中的作用。具体测试了靶心大小变化对传粉者行为的影响，并评估了三种模式元素（色素沉着、细胞形状和表皮纹饰）对靶心功能的相对贡献。问题1：测试靶心图案大小的变化是否影响大黄蜂（Bombus terrestris）的相互作用，通过差异条件反射实验确定大黄蜂是否可以区分具有不同大小色素区域的靶心图案，并确定大黄蜂可以感知的最小靶心大小差异。通过偏好测试确定大黄蜂是否喜欢给定大小范围内具有靶心图案的花朵。问题2：测试色素沉着和结构因素对靶心功能的贡献通过偏好测试确定传粉者是喜欢单独由结构或色素沉着模式因素组成的模式，还是组合元素，从而确定他们是使用结构或色素沉着，还是两种特征类型的组合，作为与花交互过程中的线索。