Self-reported & observed measures of health status

该项目的目标是：1）了解观察到的健康状况到自我报告的健康状况的转换，以及这种转换是否因社会经济群体而异; 2）确定自我报告的健康状况信息如何估计健康的价值。将为研究目的报告调查结果，并将直接有助于评估《2000年全球疾病负担》范围内的非致命性健康后果负担，特别是老年人的负担，世界卫生组织将广泛散发该报告。这些结果将改善人群之间和人群内部自我报告的健康状况措施的可比性和解释。分析将：1）检查个人如何将观察到的健康领域的表现转化为该领域的自我报告能力。将使用美国、印度尼西亚和加拿大具有全国代表性的抽样调查数据，以及美国、中国、意大利、哥斯达黎加、牙买加和泰国部分或全部国家的区域和小型跨国抽样调查数据。2)特定条件下的医疗诊断如何转化为相关领域的自我报告健康状况。已确定了与美国和丹麦医疗记录相关的具有全国代表性的抽样调查数据。3)研究自我报告的一般健康状况与健康评估的关系。将使用来自丹麦的全国代表性调查数据，包括自我报告的一般健康状况和健康评价。4)研究个人如何将自我报告的不同健康领域的表现纳入自我报告的一般健康状况。将采用美国、加拿大、丹麦和日本具有全国代表性的数据，沿着从北美、欧洲、非洲、亚洲和中东选定的国家进行区域和较小规模的跨国抽样调查。将使用多变量方法，对差异来源进行调整，包括由于定义健康的卓越标准不同、残疾更加突出、否认或对一般健康的不同理解而对调查问题的不同回答。将根据收入、教育、种族和年龄对不同的社会经济群体分别进行估计，并在不同的文化和地理环境中进行比较。

The goals of this project are 1) to understand the translation of observed health status to self-reported health status and if this translation differs by socio-economic groups; and 2) to determine how self-reported health status information can estimate the value of health. The results will be reported for research purposes and will directly contribute in assessing the burden of non-fatal health outcomes particularly for the elderly within the Global Burden of Disease 2000, which will be disseminated widely by the World Health Organization. These results would improve the comparability and interpretation of self-reported health status measures across and within populations. The analysis will: 1) examine how individuals translate observed performance in a domain of health into self-reported capacity in that domain. Nationally-representative sample survey data from the United States, Indonesia and Canada will be used, with regional and small cross- national sample surveys from some or all of the United States, China, Italy, Costa Rica, Jamaica and Thailand. 2) how medical diagnosis for particular conditions translated into self reported health in associated domains. Nationally-representative sample survey data linked to medical records from the United States and Denmark have been identified. 3) examine how self-reported general health relates to valuation of health. Nationally-representative survey data from Denmark that includes both self-reported general health status and valuation of health will be used. 4) examine how individuals weight self-reported performance in different domains of health into self-reported general health. Nationally- representative data from the United States, Canada, Denmark and Japan will be employed, along with regional and smaller cross-national sample surveys from countries selected from North America, Europe, Africa, Asia and the Middle East. Multivariate methods will be used that adjust for sources of difference, including differing responses to survey questions due to differing standards of excellence in defining health, greater salience of disability, denial, or different understanding of general health. Estimates will be done separately for different socio-economic groups based on income, education, race and age and compared across different cultural and geographic settings.