Self-reported & observed measures of health status

该项目的目标是1)了解观察到的健康状况到自我报告的健康状况的转换，以及这种转换是否因社会经济群体而异；以及2)确定自我报告的健康状况信息如何评估健康的价值。报告结果将用于研究目的，并将直接有助于在世界卫生组织将广泛传播的《2000年全球疾病负担》范围内评估非致命性健康结果的负担，特别是对老年人的负担。这些结果将改善人群之间和人群内部自我报告的健康状况衡量标准的可比性和解释。分析将：1)检查个体如何将观察到的健康领域的表现转化为该领域的自我报告能力。将使用来自美国、印度尼西亚和加拿大的具有全国代表性的抽样调查数据，以及来自美国、中国、意大利、哥斯达黎加、牙买加和泰国部分或全部国家的区域性和小规模跨国抽样调查。2)特定疾病的医学诊断如何转化为相关领域的自我报告健康。已经确定了与美国和丹麦的医疗记录有关的具有全国代表性的抽样调查数据。3)检查自我报告的一般健康状况与健康评估之间的关系。将使用丹麦具有全国代表性的调查数据，包括自我报告的总体健康状况和健康评估。4)研究个体如何将不同健康领域的自我报告的表现纳入自我报告的一般健康。将使用来自美国、加拿大、丹麦和日本的具有全国代表性的数据，以及从北美、欧洲、非洲、亚洲和中东挑选的国家进行的区域性和较小规模的跨国抽样调查。将使用多变量方法来调整差异的来源，包括由于定义健康的卓越标准不同而对调查问题的不同回答，残疾、否认或对一般健康的不同理解。将根据收入、教育、种族和年龄分别对不同的社会经济群体进行估计，并将不同的文化和地理环境进行比较。

The goals of this project are 1) to understand the translation of observed health status to self-reported health status and if this translation differs by socio-economic groups; and 2) to determine how self-reported health status information can estimate the value of health. The results will be reported for research purposes and will directly contribute in assessing the burden of non-fatal health outcomes particularly for the elderly within the Global Burden of Disease 2000, which will be disseminated widely by the World Health Organization. These results would improve the comparability and interpretation of self-reported health status measures across and within populations. The analysis will: 1) examine how individuals translate observed performance in a domain of health into self-reported capacity in that domain. Nationally-representative sample survey data from the United States, Indonesia and Canada will be used, with regional and small cross- national sample surveys from some or all of the United States, China, Italy, Costa Rica, Jamaica and Thailand. 2) how medical diagnosis for particular conditions translated into self reported health in associated domains. Nationally-representative sample survey data linked to medical records from the United States and Denmark have been identified. 3) examine how self-reported general health relates to valuation of health. Nationally-representative survey data from Denmark that includes both self-reported general health status and valuation of health will be used. 4) examine how individuals weight self-reported performance in different domains of health into self-reported general health. Nationally- representative data from the United States, Canada, Denmark and Japan will be employed, along with regional and smaller cross-national sample surveys from countries selected from North America, Europe, Africa, Asia and the Middle East. Multivariate methods will be used that adjust for sources of difference, including differing responses to survey questions due to differing standards of excellence in defining health, greater salience of disability, denial, or different understanding of general health. Estimates will be done separately for different socio-economic groups based on income, education, race and age and compared across different cultural and geographic settings.