Physiological Analysis Of Involuntary Movements

不随意运动的生理分析

• 批准号: 6533319
• 负责人: MARK A HALLETT
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: NATIONAL INSTITUTE OF NEUROLOGICAL DISORDERS AND STROKE
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 至
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6533319
• 关键词: N phosphonoacetyl L aspartate; abnormal involuntary movement; cerebellum; chorea; clinical research; diet therapy; dietary carbohydrates; disease /disorder classification; electroencephalography; electromyography; functional magnetic resonance imaging; human subject; myoclonus; myoclonus epilepsy; neuroimaging; neuromuscular disorder diagnosis; neurophysiology; pathology; positron emission tomography; sleep disorders; transcranial magnetic stimulation; tremor

The goal of this project is to understand the underlying physiological mechanisms of different involuntary movement disorders. The tools we use include clinical neurophysiological methods such as electroencephalography, electromyography, and transcranial magnetic stimulation and neuroimaging with positron emission tomography and functional magnetic resonance imaging. Currently active projects in the Section include studies of tremor and tic. We are using physiological methods to see if criteria can be defined to make the diagnosis of psychogenic tremor. One test that looks promising is measuring the frequency spectrum of the tremor in one extremity while asking the patient to make movements with specified frequencies in the opposite extremity. We are also collecting information regarding patterns of muscle recruitment, sensory modulation and cortical activity (using EEG) associated with psychogenic movements. Analysis reveals that the preparatory cortical activity (measured by pre-movement potentials) is similar to that preceding voluntary movements. The pattern of stimulus-response was found to be highly variable and inconsistent in patients who had stimulus sensitive myoclonus. Following the observation that a patient with Lafora Body Disease was markedly improved with a ketogenic diet, we are currently engaged in a controlled study of more patients. We have completed a study of magnetic resonance spectroscopy in patients with essential tremor that shows a loss of N-acetyl-aspartate in the cerebellum, increasing evidence that the cerebellum is the damaged structure in the disorder.

这个项目的目标是了解不同的不自主运动障碍的潜在生理机制。我们使用的工具包括临床神经生理学方法，如脑电图、肌电图、经颅磁刺激和正电子发射断层扫描和功能磁共振成像的神经成像。该科目前正在进行的项目包括震颤和抽搐的研究。我们正在使用生理学方法，看看是否可以定义诊断心因性震颤的标准。一项看起来很有希望的测试是测量一侧肢体震颤的频谱，同时要求患者在另一侧肢体以特定频率运动。我们还收集了与心因性运动相关的肌肉募集、感觉调节和皮层活动模式的信息（使用脑电图）。分析表明，预备皮层活动（通过运动前电位测量）与之前的自愿运动相似。刺激-反应模式在刺激敏感性肌阵挛患者中是高度可变和不一致的。在观察到一名患有拉福拉体病的患者通过生酮饮食得到明显改善后，我们目前正在对更多患者进行对照研究。我们已经完成了一项对特发性震颤患者的磁共振波谱研究，显示小脑中n -乙酰-天冬氨酸的缺失，增加了小脑是这种疾病受损结构的证据。