Variability and Complexity in Sound Learning

健全学习的可变性和复杂性

• 批准号: 6552453
• 负责人: JESSICA A BARLOW
• 金额: $ 7.55万
• 依托单位: SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 财政年份: 2002
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2002-08-10 至 2005-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://reporter.nih.gov/project-details/6552453
• 关键词: behavioral /social science research tag; children; clinical research; human subject; human therapy evaluation; language; learning; patient oriented research; performance; phonology; sound; speech; speech disorders; therapy

DESCRIPTION (provided by applicant): This program considers the roles of complexity and of variability in sound error patterns and their possible interaction in the treatment of children with speech disorders. Complexity is appealed to as a universal property of language, defined here in terms of markedness. Based on previous treatment efficacy research, it is predicted that greater improvements will occur following treatment on more complex aspects of the sound system than on less complex sounds. The first goal of this project is to further evaluate the role of complexity in effecting change in children's sound systems. Variability is appealed to in terms of the number, extent, and type of errors that a child produces for a given target English sound. Based on previous research, it is predicted that greater gains will result from treatment on sounds that are produced more variably than on those produced less variably. Because no previous research has experimentally evaluated this prediction, the second goal of this project is to consider the role of variability in promoting change in children's sound systems. As of yet, no research has evaluated how complexity interacts with other variables for treatment sound selection. Because sounds that are complex can also be produced variably or non-variably, the third goal of this project is to experimentally evaluate the interaction between complexity and variability by determining the combined effects of the two variables on children's sound systems. Eighteen monolingual English-speaking children with speech disorders will participate, with each assigned to 2 combined treatment conditions based on variability and complexity. These conditions will be evaluated separately and in conjunction with one another. The results of this project will provide guidelines for effective treatment of speech disorders, and they will help in determining the additive (or precedence) relationships between different types of variability and relative complexity. Theoretically, the results will aid in establishing specific aspects of sound systems that contribute most to speech sound development.

描述（由申请人提供）：该计划考虑了声音错误模式的复杂性和可变性的作用及其在治疗言语障碍儿童中可能的相互作用。复杂性被认为是语言的普遍属性，在这里用标记性来定义。根据先前的治疗效果研究，预测在对声音系统的更复杂方面进行治疗后，比对不太复杂的声音进行治疗后，会出现更大的改善。这个项目的第一个目标是进一步评估复杂性在影响儿童声音系统变化中的作用。可变性是指儿童对特定目标英语发音所产生的错误的数量、程度和类型。根据以前的研究，预测对产生更多噪音的声音进行治疗比对产生较少噪音的声音进行治疗会产生更大的收益。因为没有以前的研究实验评估这一预测，这个项目的第二个目标是考虑的变化，促进儿童的声音系统的变化的作用。到目前为止，还没有研究评估复杂性如何与治疗声音选择的其他变量相互作用。由于复杂的声音也可以产生非线性或非线性，本项目的第三个目标是通过确定这两个变量对儿童声音系统的综合影响来实验性地评估复杂性和可变性之间的相互作用。18名语言障碍的单语英语儿童将参与研究，每个儿童根据变异性和复杂性被分配到2种组合治疗条件。这些条件将分别进行评估，并相互结合。该项目的结果将为有效治疗言语障碍提供指导，并将有助于确定不同类型的变异性和相对复杂性之间的加性（或优先级）关系。从理论上讲，这些结果将有助于建立对语音发展贡献最大的声音系统的特定方面。