Relation of diet quality with mortality

虽然许多研究已经研究了单一营养素，食物或食物组在疾病病因中的作用，但相对较少的研究涉及由多种相互依赖的饮食因素组成的饮食模式对健康的影响。对饮食模式的研究有几个理由。首先，自由生活的个体所消耗的复杂饮食不包括单一的营养素或食物，而是含有多种营养素和非营养素的食物的组合。第二，饮食变量的相互关联使得很难分离出单一营养素或食物的影响。第三，营养素在体内的生物活性是相互依赖的。最后，对疾病预防的建议隐含地反映了饮食模式的方法，强调同时改变几种饮食行为，如增加水果，蔬菜和谷物的摄入量，减少脂肪的摄入量。这项小额拨款提案的目的是分析来自两个大型国家队列的数据[1987年国家健康访谈调查（n= 22，080; 2937例全因死亡）和1992年（n= 12，005; 1033例全因死亡）]，以前瞻性地检查整体饮食质量与全因死亡率和特定原因死亡率的关系。作为对核心调查的补充，将在5-10年的随访期内检查从食物频率问卷中收集的整体饮食质量的测量与死亡风险的关系。将使用适合分析复杂研究设计调查数据的统计软件（SUDAAN），采用考克斯比例风险回归分析来检验饮食质量与每种结局的独立关联。

Although many studies have examined the role of single nutrients, foods, or food groups in the etiology of disease, relatively little research has addressed the health effects of dietary patterns comprising multiple interdependent dietary factors. Research on dietary patterns is warranted on several grounds. First, complex diets consumed by free-living individuals do not consist of single nutrients or foods but rather a combination of foods containing multiple nutrients and non-nutrients. Second, intercorrelation of dietary variables makes it difficult to isolate effects of single nutrients or foods. Third, in vivo biological activities of nutrients are interdependent. Finally, recommendations for disease prevention implicitly reflect the dietary pattern approach by emphasizing the simultaneous change of several dietary behaviors such as increasing fruit, vegetable, and grain intake, and decreasing fat intake. The purpose of this small grant proposal is to analyze data from two large national cohorts [National Health Interview Surveys of 1987 (n=22,080; 2937 deaths due to all causes), and 1992 (n=12,005; 1033 deaths due to all causes)] to examine prospectively the relation of overall diet quality to all-cause and, cause-specific mortality. Measures of overall diet quality developed from food frequency questionnaire collected as a supplement to the core survey will be examined in relation to risk of mortality over a followup period of 5-10 years. Cox's proportional hazards regression analysis will be used to test the independent association of diet quality with each outcome using statistical software (SUDAAN) appropriate for analysis of data from surveys with a complex study design.